找不到的主语

   对于主谓一致这个考点我们肯定耳熟能详,从初中高中大家在做英语题就开始考察主谓一致了。我们只需判断好主语的单复数,那么谓语的形式也就确定了。但是GMAT绝对不会就考到这个程度,它为了再次提高主谓一致的这个考点的难度,它会利用“障眼法”来让学生分不清主语从而不能发现主谓一致的问题那么出题人的“障眼法”是如何利用的呢?——如果一个句子是正常的语序,主谓宾或者主系表,那么我们自然很容易发现主谓,从而发现主谓一致的问题但是如果一个句子是一个倒装句呢?我们还能保证找到主谓吗,还能发现一致问题吗?—让我们先来认识一下完全倒装的现象:

         

  以表语或状语开头引出的完全倒装是为了强调或者为了使句子平衡就将表语和地点状语(GMAT中倒装的目的是为了避免头重脚轻)置于句首,谓语动词也常置于主语前,构成完全倒装。

 

        Among the people was a man named Tim. a man named Tim was among the people

        On the top of the hill stands an old building. An old building stands on the top of the hill

 

   我们要注意了!!在完全倒装中,主语并不是在谓语的前面,而是在谓语的后面!比如上面的两个句子 主语是 a man a building  ,不是people 也不是 hill 。所以谓语的单复数当然是分别根据 a man a building决定的!!

 

  接下来我们就是要揭露GMAT真实题目是如何利用这种障眼法了:


        Out of America’s fascination with all things antique have grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that are bringing back the chaise lounge, the overstuffed sofa, and the claw-footed bathtub.

        (A)things antique have grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that are bringing

        (B)things antique has grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that is bringing

        (C)things that are antiques has grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that bring

        (D)antique things have grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that are bringing

        (E)antique things has grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that bring

 

  看到上面的题目,原句能理解么?能分清主谓是哪个吗?有没有发现这里有一致的问题呢??有没有看出这句话是一个倒装呢?如果有的小伙伴还没有发现问题,那我们来把这句话给它还原:

 

    (谓语前面只有一个介词短语,那么就是倒装)A market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that are bringing back the chaise lounge, the overstuffed sofa, and the claw-footed bathtub have grown out of America’s fascination with all things antique. 

  

  这句话大概意思是要说:出于对于老古董的狂热,一个XXX的市场产生了。 这句话真正的主语是 a market,那么主语是单数谓语也要用单三形式 has ,根据这点我们可以排除上面的AD选项。


  练习题 

      On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.

 

      (A)On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow

      (B)On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are, it is believed, the rate of tree growth

      (C)On Earth, the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles

      (D)Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles, believed to be the tree growth rate

      (E)Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow

 

  解析:这句子是一个完全倒装,还原后是The rate at which trees grow as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks is believed to be among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles.故排除 A B

    


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