CR-OG：第201-206题 练习册详情

1

Last year a chain of fast-food restaurants, whose menu had always centered on hamburger, added its first vegetarian sandwich, much lower in fat than the chain's other offerings. Despite heavy marketing, the new sandwich accounts for a very small proportion of the chain's sales. The sandwich's sales would have to quadruple to cover the costs associated with including it on the menu. Since such an increase is unlikely, the chain would be more profitable if it dropped the sandwich.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

• Although many of the chain's customers have never tried the vegetarian sandwich, in a market research survey most of those who had tried it reported that they were very satisfied with it.
• Many of the people who eat at the chain's restaurants also eat at the restaurants of competing chains and report no strong preference among the competitors.
• Among fast-food chains in general, there has been little or no growth in hamburger sales over the past several years as the range of competing offerings at other restaurants has grown.
• When even one member of group of diner's is a vegetarian or has a preference for low-fat food, the group tends to avoid restaurants that lack vegetarian or low-fat menu options.
• An attempt by the chain to introduce a lower-fat hamburger failed several years ago, since it attracted few new customers and most of the chain's regular customers greatly preferred the taste of the regular hamburger.

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2

Transportation expenses accounted for a large portion of the total dollar amount spent on trips for pleasure by residents of the United States in 1997, and about half of the total dollar amount spent on the transportation was airfare. However, the large majority of United States residents who took trips for pleasure in 1997 did not travel by airplane but used other means of transportation.

If the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true about United States residents who took trips for pleasure in 1997?

• Most of those who traveled by airplane did so because the airfare to their destination was lower than the cost of other available means of transportation.
• Most of those who traveled by airplane did so because other means of transportation to their destinations were unavailable.
• Per mile traveled, those who traveled by airplane tended to spend more on transportation to their destination than did those who used other means of transportation.
• Overall, people who did not travel by airplane had lower average transportation expenses than people who did.
• Those who traveled by airplane spent about as much, on average, on other means of transportation as they did on airfare.

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3

The difference in average annual income in favor of employees who have college degrees, compared with those who do not have such degrees, doubled between 1980 and 1990. Some analysts have hypothesized that increased competition between employers for employees with college degrees drove up income for such employees.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the explanation described above?

• During the 1980s a growing percentage of college graduates, unable to find jobs requiring a college degree, took unskilled jobs.
• The average age of all employees increased slightly during the 1980s.
• The unemployment rate changed very little throughout the 1980s
• From 1980 to 1990 the difference in average income between employees with advanced degrees and those with bachelor's degrees also increased.
• During the 1980s there were some employees with no college degree who earned incomes comparable to the top incomes earned by employees with a college degree.

9973人做过此题 平均耗时为28min28s 平均正确率为 54%

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4

The introduction of the new drugs into the market is frequently prevented by a shortage of human subjects for the clinical trials needed to show that the drugs are safe and effective. Since the lives and health of people in future generations may depend on treatments that are currently experimental, practicing physicians are morally in the wrong when, in the absence of any treatment proven to be effective, they fail to encourage suitable patients to volunteer for clinical trials.

Which of the following, if true, casts most doubt on the conclusion of the argument?

• Many drugs undergoing clinical trials are intended for the treatment of conditions for which there is currently no effective treatment.
• Patients do not share the physician's professional concern for public health, but everyone has a moral obligation to alleviate suffering when able to do so.
• Usually, half the patients in a clinical trial serve as a control group and receive a nonactive drug in place of the drug being tested.
• An experimental drug cannot legally be made available to patients unless those patients are subjects in clinical trials of the drug.
• Physicians have an overriding moral and legal duty to care for the health and safety of their current patients.

9975人做过此题 平均耗时为40min47s 平均正确率为 70%

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5

In the country of Marut, the Foreign Trade Agency's records were reviewed in 1994 in light of information then newly available about neighboring Goro. The review revealed that in every year since 1963, the agency's projection of what Goro's gross national product(GNP) would be five years later was a serious underestimate. The review also revealed that in every year since 1963, the agency estimated Goro's GNP for the previous year--a Goro state secret--very accurately.

Of the following claims, which is most strongly supported by the statement given?

• Goro's GNP fluctuated greatly between 1963 and 1994.
• Prior to 1995, Goro had not released data intended to mislead the agency in making its five-year projections.
• The amount by which the agency underestimated the GNP it projected for Goro tended to increase over time.
• Even before the new information came to light, the agency had reason to think that at least some of the five-year projections it had made were inaccurate.
• The agency's five-year projections of Goro's GNP had no impact on economic planning in Marut.

9257人做过此题 平均耗时为45min59s 平均正确率为 64%

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6

With seventeen casinos, Moneyland operates the most casinos in a certain state. Although intent on expanding, it was outmaneuvered by Apex Casinos in negotiations to acquire the Eldorado chain. To complete its acquisition of Eldorado, Apex must sell five casinos to comply with a state law forbidding any owner to operate more than one casino per county. Since Apex will still be left operating twenty casinos in the state, it will then have the most casinos in the state.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the prediction?

• Apex, Eldorado, and Moneyland are the only organizations licensed to operate casinos in the state.
• The majority of Eldorado's casinos in the state will need extensive renovations if they are to continue to operate profitably.
• Some of the state's counties do not permit casinos.
• Moneyland already operates casinos in the majority of the state's counties.
• Apex will use funds it obtains from the sale of the five casinos to help fund its acquisition of the Eldorado chain.

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