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Ready4	Aggressive cost-cutting campaigns have shown promise in the company's publishing division, the home to a few new startups that have grown at the same pace as the startups disrupting the industry through free journalism and user-submitted articles.
Ready4	Although being closed for renovation, the historic monument is open to architecture students with a college pass.
	The Quasi JX is a new car model. Under ideal driving conditions, the Quasi JX's fuel economy is E kilometers per liter ( E ) when its driving speed is constant at S kilometers per hour ( S ).In terms of the variables S and E , select the expression that represents the number of liters of fuel used in 1 hour of driving under ideal driving conditions at a constant speed S , and select the expression that represents the number of liters of fuel used in a 60 km drive under ideal driving conditions at a constant speed S . Make only two selections, one in each column.
Ready4	White-labeling is the practice of providing a product to another company to be sold under that company's high-quality brand name. Since white-labeling allows the designer of a product to obtain additional revenue from a given design at minimal cost, and it allows the seller of the white-labelled product to sell and obtain a product without having to design the product, white-labeling is usually advantageous for both parties. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
Ready4	Since neighboring country Bordland dropped all tariffs on imports of our country's automobiles one year ago, the number of automobiles sold annually in Bordland has not changed. However, recent statistics show a drop in the number of automobile factory workers in Bordland. Meanwhile, the number of people employed by automobile factories in our country has long been signiﬁcantly higher than in Bordland. Therefore, updated trade statistics will probably indicate that the number of automobiles Bordland imports annually from our country has increased. Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
Ready4	Which of the following most logically completes the passage? Archeologists believe a group of ancient tombs near the seaside town of Absuir, Egypt is home to the burial of the queen Cleopatra VII's lover Mark Antony in the year 30 B.C. They base their judgment on the site's proximity to Alexandria and on the discovery of a partial mask showing a cleft chin reminiscent of Mark Antony, which, as is customary with burials of Egyptian rulers, would have been included with or near the mummified body at the time of the burial. Furthermore, _______________.
	In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, many Western Pueblo settlements in what is now the southwestern United States may have possessed distinctly hierarchical organizational structures. These communities' agricultural systems-which were "intensive" in the use of labor rather than "extensive" in area-may have given rise to political leadership that managed both labor and food resources. That formal management of food resources was needed is suggested by the large size of [hl:2]storage spaces[/hl:2] located around some communal Great Kivas (underground ceremonial chambers). Though no direct evidence exists that such spaces were used to store food, Western Pueblo communities lacking sufficient arable land to support their populations could have preserved the necessary extra food, including imported foodstuffs, in such apparently communal spaces.Moreover, evidence of specialization in producing raw materials and in manufacturing ceramics and textiles indicates differentiation of labor within and between communities. The organizational and managerial demands of such specialization strengthen the possibility that a decision-making elite existed, an elite whose control over labor, the use of community surpluses, and the acquisition of imported goods would have led to a concentration of economic resources in their own hands. [hl:1]Evidence for differential distribution of wealth is found in burials of the period: some include large quantities of pottery, jewelry, and other artifacts, whereas others from the same sites lack any such materials.[/hl:1]
	Anthropologists studying the Hopi people of the southwestern United States often characterizeHopi society between 1680 and 1880 as surprisingly stable, considering that it was a period of diminution in population and pressure from contact with outside groups, factors that might be expected to cause significant changes in Hopi social arrangements.[hl:1]The Hopis' retention of their distinctive sociocultural system has been attributed to the Hopi religious elite's determined efforts to preserve their religion and way of life, and also to a geographical isolation greater than that of many other Native American groups, an isolation that limited both cultural contact and exposure to European diseases.[/hl:1] But equally important to Hopi cultural persistence may have been an inherent flexibility in their social system that may have allowed preservation of traditions even as the Hopis accommodated themselves to change. For example, the system of matrilineal clans was maintained throughout this period, even though some clans merged to form larger groups while others divided into smaller descent groups. Furthermore, although traditionally members of particular Hopi clans appear to have exclusively controlled particular ceremonies, a clan's control of a ceremony might shift to another clan if the first became too small to manage the responsibility. Village leadership positions traditionally restricted to members of one clan might be similarly extended to members of other clans, and women might assume such positions under certain unusual conditions.
	(This passage was excerpted from material published in 1996.)When a large body strikes a planet or moon, material is ejected, thereby creating a hole in the planet and a localdeficit of mass. This deficit shows up as a gravity anomaly: the removal of the material that has been ejected to make the hole results in an area of slightly lower gravity than surrounding areas. One would therefore expect that all of the large multi-ring impact basins on the surface of Earth's Moon would show such negative gravity anomalies, since they are, essentially, large holes in the lunar surface. Yet data collected in 1994 by the Clementine spacecraft show that many of these lunar basins have no anomalously low gravity and some even have anomalously high gravity. [hl:1]Scientists[/hl:1] speculate that early in lunar history, when large impactors struck the Moon's surface, causing millions of cubic kilometers of crustal debris to be ejected, denser material from the Moon's mantle rose up beneath the impactors almost immediately, compensating for the ejected material and thus leaving no low gravity anomaly in the resulting basin. Later, however, as the Moon grew cooler and less elastic, rebound from large impactors would have been only partial and incomplete. Thus today such [hl:3]gravitational compensation[/hl:3] probably would not occur: the outer layer of the Moon is too cold and stiff.
	Astronomers theorize that a black hole forms when a massive object shrinks catastrophically under its own gravity, leaving only a gravitational field so strong that nothing escapes it. Astronomers must infer the existence of black holes, which are invisible, from their gravitational influence on the visible bodies surrounding them. For example, observations indicate that gas clouds in galaxy M87 are whirling unusually fast about the galaxy's center. [hl:1]Most astronomers[/hl:1] believe that the large concentration of mass at the galaxy's center is a black hole whose gravity is causing the gas to whirl. A few skeptics have argued that the concentration of mass necessary to explain the speed of the whirling gas is not necessarily a black hole: the concentration in M87 might be a cluster of a billion or so dim stars.The same hypothesis might have been applied to the galaxy NGC 4258, but the notion of such a cluster's existing in NGC 4258 was severely undermined when astronomers measured the speed of a ring of dust and gas rotating close to the galaxy's center. From its speed, they calculated that the core's density is more than 40 times the density estimated for any other galaxy. If the center of NGC 4258 were a star cluster, the stars would be so closely spaced that collisions between individual stars would have long ago torn the cluster apart.
	One [hl:2]proposal[/hl:2] for preserving rain forests is to promote the adoption of new agricultural technologies, such as improved plant varieties and use of chemical herbicides, which would increase productivity and slow deforestation by reducing demand for new cropland. Studies have shown that farmers in developing countries who have achieved certain levels of education, wealth, and security of land tenure are more likely to adopt such technologies. But these studies have focused on villages with limited land that are tied to a market economy rather than on the relatively isolated, self‐sufficient communities with ample land characteristic of rain-forest regions. A recent [hl:1]study[/hl:1] of the Tawahka people of the Honduran rain forest found that farmers with some formal education were more likely to adopt improved plant varieties but less likely to use chemical herbicides and that those who spoke Spanish (the language of the market economy) were more likely to adopt both technologies. Nonland wealth was also associated with more adoption of both technologies, but availability of uncultivated land reduced the incentive to employ the productivity‐enhancing technologies. Researchers also measured land-tenure security: in Tawahka society, kinship ties are a more important indicator of this than are legal property rights, so researchers measured it by a household`s duration of residence in its village. They found that longer residence correlated with more adoption of improved plant varieties but less adoption of chemical herbicides.
Ready4	If $a > 0$ and $\frac{a}{b} = \sqrt{b}$ , what is b in terms of a?
Ready4	One method of predicting the future value of a particular company's stock is to attempt to correlate the pattern of its recent performance with the past performance of other companies, even companies in different industries, whose subsequent stock performance is known. This technique, known as "technical analysis," provides a readily available basis for predicting the future value of a company's stock without special knowledge of that company or its industry. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion that technical analysis, as described above, accurately predicts stock performance?
Ready4	One of history's most popular composers, Beethoven composed throughout his entire life; his symphonies -- some composed while deaf -- are quite possibly performed more than any other composer.
Ready4	Offering a suite of similar products at dissimilar prices is critical to ongoing profitability for the automotive industry, like in other industries.
Ready4	Commonly called spiral galaxies, disk galaxies are formed in the universe from earlier, less flat, galaxies accumulate the mass of smaller nearby galaxies and rotate faster, thus flattening.
Ready4	The rising cost of fuel has become a political focus and perhaps even threatening the future of some government subsidies given the struggling economy.
	Io and Europa, the inner two of Jupiter's four largest moons, are about the size of Earth's moon and are composed mostly or entirely of rock and metal. Ganymede and Callisto are larger and roughly half ice. Thus, these four moons are somewhat analogous to the planets of the solar system, in which the rock- and metal-rich inner planets are distinct from the much larger gas- and ice-rich outer planets. Jupiter's moons are, however, more “systematic”: many of their properties vary continuously with distance from Jupiter. For example, Io is ice-free, Europa has a surface shell of ice, and while Ganymede and Callisto are both ice-rich, outermost Callisto has more.This compositional gradient has geological parallels. Io is extremely geologically active, Europa seems to be active on a more modest scale, and Ganymede has undergone bouts of activity in its geological past. Only Callisto reveals no geological activity. In similar fashion, Callisto's surface is very heavily cratered from the impact of comets and asteroids; Ganymede, like Earth's moon, is heavily cratered in parts; Europa is very lightly cratered; and no craters have been detected on lo, even though [hl:6][hl:5][hl:4][hl:3][hl:2][hl:1]Jupiter's gravity[/hl:1][/hl:2][/hl:3][/hl:4][/hl:5][/hl:6] attracts comets and asteroids passing near it, substantially increasing the bombardment rate of the inner moons compared to that of the outer ones. But because of Io's high degree of geological activity, its surface undergoes more-or-less continuous volcanic resurfacing.
Ready4	Certain political lobbies in the United States are lobbying for legislation that would make companies responsible under American law if their overseas affiliates and subsidiaries use child labor, on the grounds that American companies are responsible for upholding human rights wherever they operate. Such reasoning is obviously flawed. After all, no one suggests that domestically-owned companies obey the American environmental standards in overseas subsidiaries. Which of the following best describes the flawedmethod of reasoning used above?
Ready4	In the phenomenon known as blindsight, some people who have been diagnosed as completely blind after damage to their visual cortex nonetheless retain the ability to make judgments and take actions that appear to require or demonstrate the use of sight. Despite the fact that they consciously see nothing, such individuals might, if prompted, catch a ball thrown, walk around obstacles, or guess with unusual accuracy whether an array of dots is moving or stationary. Individuals with blindsight are usually not surprised by these events and attribute them to coincidence. Which of the following questions indicates the most serious weakness in the explanation that those with blindsight ascribe to their abilities?