Two tracks are parallel. The first track has checkpoints and the second one has checkpoints. In how many ways can the checkpoints of first track be joined with the checkpoints of the second to form a triangle?

A country's population increased in 2011 and then by in 2012. By what percent did the population increase over those two years?

(1)

(2)

A company has 400 employees, 20 percent of whom have 5 or more years of work experience. If 40 additional employees are to be hired and all of the present employees remain, how many of the additional employees must have 5 or more years of work experience in order to raise the percent of employees with 5 or more years of work experience to 25 percent?

If 1,200 employees, males and females, requested a raise, how many requests were granted?

1. $\frac{5}{12}$ of the males and $\frac{7}{12}$ of the females had their request granted.
2. 200 of the requests made by males were granted.

In a survey, each of 6 students indicated the number of years of work experience he or she had obtained prior to graduate school. What was the standard deviation of the number of years of work experience of the 6 students?

1. The average (arithmetic mean) number of years was 6.
2. Each student had obtained the same number of years of experience.

     Researchers have attempted to explain the withdrawal of many healthy adult men from the American workforce through traditional economics frameworks, such as overseas competition and increased automation of traditional blue-collar jobs, which are often cheaper options for companies looking to save money on labor. However, detailed investigation indicates that increased offshoring and automation fail to fully explain this drop in labor participation. Instead, this investigation yields data that suggest only a multiplicity of causes can wholly account for widespread male retreat from the workforce. One cause is criminal records: nearly one in eight American men possesses a criminal history, and that disqualifies candidates in the eyes of most potential employers. Another cause is low educational attainment, which diminishes access to an increasingly technical and information-based economy. In light of this investigation, which indicates that multiple social forces have converged to exclude a major swath of the potential working population of the United States, the government should take action to improve poor outcomes for these “missing men.” Legislators should take action to lessen the stigma of criminal convictions, advocate programs proven to reduce recidivism, increase financial support for young people looking to pursue higher education, and provide specialized training for young men who express an interest in the technology-driven fields of the new economy.

     As the end of World War II brought about a housing boom, the market for consumer home lending expanded significantly, and the financial institutions that had traditionally provided mortgages to working-class Americans faced new competitive pressures. Although the United States League of Local Buildings and Loans in America (USLLBLA), an association of institutions focused on savings accounts and homeowner lending, did not oppose the entry of other lenders into the market, it did lobby to retain the privilege of offering higher interest rates on savings accounts than banks were allowed to give.

     These efforts were spurred in part by the expansion of the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), a federal agency that began to insure mortgages with increasingly consumer-friendly terms. The FHA rules, like USLLBLA, allowed people to afford homes who otherwise could not have done so. It did this in part by relaxing the regulations governing the maximum length of a mortgage and the minimum down payment required, making the loans available to those who accrued capital more slowly than the typical homeowner previously had. In response, the USLLBLA also formed the Voluntary Home Mortgage Credit Program (VHMCP), taking advantage of the new regulations to offer the more affordable loans to people in rural areas in hopes of forestalling further expansion of federal agencies into the mortgage business.

A list of measurements, in increasing order, is:

If the median of the measurements is times the mean, what is the value of ?