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PREP08 Test 2 Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally, deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage by feeding on infected white-footed mice. However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. If the population of these other species were increased, more of the larvae would be feeding on uninfected hosts, so the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium would likely decline.Which of the following would it be most important to ascertain in evaluating the argument?
PREP07 Test 1 Capuchin monkeys in Venezuela often rub a certain type of millipede into their fur. Secretions of these millipedes have been shown to contain two chemicals that are potent mosquito repellents, and mosquitoes carry parasites that debilitate the capuchins. The rubbing behavior is rare except during the rainy season, when mosquito populations are at their peak. Therefore, the monkeys probably rub the millipedes into their fur because doing so helps protect them against mosquitoes.Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in order to evaluate the argument?
OG12 OG15 The inflation index for the year 1989 relative to the year 1970 was 3.56, indicating that, on the average, for each dollar spent in 1970 for goods, $3.56 had to be spent for the same goods in 1989. If the price of a Model K mixer increased precisely according to the inflation index, what was the price of the mixer in 1970 ?(1)The price of the Model K mixer was $102.40 more in 1989 than in 1970.(2)The price of the Model K mixer was $142.40 in 1989.
OG17 OG18 OG19 OG20 OG2022 Transportation expenses accounted for a large portion of the total dollar amount spent on trips for pleasure by residents of the United States in 1997, and about half of the total dollar amount spent on the transportation was airfare. However, the large majority of United States residents who took trips for pleasure in 1997 did not travel by airplane but used other means of transportation.If the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true about United States residents who took trips for pleasure in 1997?
PREP2012 A study of high blood pressure treatments found that certain meditation techniques and the most commonly prescribed drugs are equally effective if the selected treatment is followed as directed over the long term. Half the patients given drugs soon stop taking them regularly, whereas eighty percent of the study's participants who were taught meditation techniques were still regularly using them five years later. Therefore, the meditation treatment is the one likely to produce the best results.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
Ready4

Prolonged exposure to exceptionally violent or chaotic circumstances can cause Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in some individuals. Psychiatrists in Virginia indicate that the proportion of patients coming to them for treatment of symptoms related to PTSD has increased enormously over the previous five years. Thus, either Virginia has become a much more violent and chaotic place over the last five years or individuals are more sensitive to violence and chaos than they were five years ago.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
Ready4

Consumer advocate: Your company’s cars are likely to require major repairs in the third year after customers buy them. This shows that you intend for your cars to break down at the end of the two-year warranty period.

Car manufacturer: Our cars require fewer repairs in the first five years of ownership than our major competitor’s cars do.

The car manufacturer’s response is flawed as a refutation of the consumer advocate’s argument because it
OG19 OG20 OG2022 Film Director: It is true that certain characters and plot twists in my newly released film The Big Heist are similar to characters and plot twists in Thieves, a movie that came out last year. Pointing to these similarities, the film studio that produced Thieves is now accusing me of taking ideas from that film. The accusation is clearly without merit. All production work on The Big Heist was actually completed months before Thieves was released. Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest support for the directors position?
OG19-语文分册 OG20-语文分册 Plantings of cotton bioengineered to produce its own insecticide against bollworms, a major cause of crop failure, sustained little bollworm damage until this year. This year the plantings are being seriously damaged by bollworms. Bollworms, however, are not necessarily developing resistance to the cotton's insecticide. Bollworms breed on corn, and last year more corn than usual was planted throughout cotton-growing regions. So it is likely that the cotton is simply being overwhelmed by corn-bred bollworms. In evaluating the argument, which of the following would it be most useful to establish?
Ready4

In a class, is the number of people more than y years old greater than the number of people with more than w years of work experience?

  1. Twenty percent of people in the class who are more than y years old have more than w years of work experience.
  2. Thirty percent of people in the class with more than w years of work experience are more than y years old.
OG21 OG2022 Brown tides are growths of algae on the sea's surface that prevent sunlight from reaching marine plants below, thereby destroying not only the plants but also the shellfish that live off these plants. Biologists recently isolated a virus that, when added to seawater, kills the algae that cause brown tides. Adding large quantities of this virus to waters affected by brown tides will therefore make it possible to save the populations of shellfish that inhabit those waters. Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the conclusion of the argument?
181215 A retail store bought 120 items and the unit price was x. The first 100 items were sold at the price of y, and the selling price of the last 20 items was 20% more than the cost of each item. What's the profit from selling these 120 goods? 1: The selling price of the first 100 pieces was 30% more than the cost of each item. 2: The selling price of the first 100 pieces was 20 dollars more than that of the last 20 pieces.
OG2022 The higher the level of certain vitamins and minerals in the bloodstream, the better a person's lung function, as measured by the amount of air the person can expel in one second. The lung function of smokers is significantly worse, on average, than that of nonsmokers. Clearly, therefore, one way for smokers to improve their lung function is for them to increase their intake of foods that are rich in these helpful vitamins and minerals. Which of the following is an assumption on which this argument depends?
OG18-语文分册 Commemorative plaques cast from brass are a characteristic art form of the Benin culture of West Africa. Some scholars, noting that the oldest surviving plaques date to the 1400s, hypothesize that brass-casting techniques were introduced by the Portuguese, who came to Benin in 1485 A.D. But Portuguese records of that expedition mention cast-brass jewelry sent to Benin's king from neighboring Ife. So it is unlikely that Benin's knowledge of brass casting derived from the Portuguese.Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
OG18-语文分册 Jay: Of course there are many good reasons to support the expansion of preventive medical care, but arguments claiming that it will lead to greater societal economic gains are misguided. Some of the greatest societal expenses arise from frequent urgent-care needs for people who have attained a long life due to preventive care. Sunil: Your argument fails because you neglect economic gains outside the health care system: society suffers an economic loss when any of its productive members suffer preventable illnesses. Sunil's response to Jay makes which of the following assumptions?
PREP2012 Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations from 80 percent of the potential donors they contacted this year. This rate would be the expected rate if the only potential donors contacted were those who have donated in the past. But good fund-raisers constantly contact less likely prospects in an effort to expand the donor base. Thus the high success rate, far from showing that the fund-raisers did a good job, shows insufficient canvassing effort. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
OG20 OG2022 In emerging economies in Africa and other regions, large foreign banks that were set up during the colonial era have long played a major economic role. These institutions have tended to confine their business to the wealthier of banks' potential customers. But development of these countries' economies requires financing of the small businesses that dominate their manufacturing, farming, and services sectors. So economic growth will be likely to occur if local banks take on this portion of the financial services markets, since __________. Which of the following completions would produce the strongest argument?
Ready4

When is divided by , the remainder is . Is divisible by ?

(1) is an odd number

(2) is a multiple of

Ready4

If money is invested at percent interest, compounded annually, the amount of the investment will double in approximately years. If, when he was born, Keo's parents invested $3,000 in a long-term bond that pays percent interest, compounded annually, what will be the approximate total amount of the investment when Keo turns ?
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Professor: in one method of international conflict resolution, a nation that perceives itself to have been wronged by another nation should demand that conditions be met by the wrongdoing nation before negotiations between both parties can begin. If all countries behaved according to this method, countries in conflict would never succeed in beginning negotiations.

The professor's argument relies on which of the following assumptions?