The author of the passage mentions charisma primarily in order to

According to the passage, Carlyle’s work differs from Spencer’s in that Carlyle’s work

The passage suggests that Spencer believes that compared to his own socially-focused history, Carlyle’s “heroic” history is

Houston comprises a square mileage about four times as large as New York City but only two million in population, where many are suburban residents living well outside the area generally considered the city center.

In the early days of the Soviet Union, much of the national politicians’ professional energy was focused into purges of counter-revolutionaries and when they persecuted and eliminated the Trotskyist party that once harbored them.

Encompassing nearly a third of the planet’s land surface, forests perform a vital function in sustaining the conditions for human life in cities, maintaining air quality by ridding the atmosphere of excess carbon, and ensuring consistent global temperatures through the storage of greenhouse gases.

Modern geologists understand that the placement of Earth’s continents is traceable to the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea—over millions of years the continents have been subjected to geological forces, vastly changing their locations and thus the geography of the planet.

Recent evidence indicates that the stress of the American workplace may be so intense it diminishes the ability of some adults for maintaining consistent sleep cycles and healthy habits and, the product is, to handle the pressures of working life.

Statisticians analyzing the behavioral patterns of consumers who shopped during the holidays have discovered that the impetus for purchasing expensive products is advertising exposure, not a reasoned evaluation of the products in question.

If is negative, is positive?

(1)

(2)

Moon Incorporated produces and distributes the same hubcaps as Sun Incorporated. Steel procurement amounts to about 50 percent of the costs required to produce these hubcaps at both Moon Incorporated and Sun Incorporated. Moon Incorporated is looking to increase its market share at the expense of Sun Incorporated. Thus, pursuant to this end, Moon Incorporated should procure less expensive steel.

Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?

Fifteen years ago the number of homeowners in Pine Hills County was somewhat less than the number of renters. The number of renters has tripled over the previous fifteen years, while the number of homeowners has grown, but at a slower pace than has the number of renters.

Which of the following must be true in Pine Hills County if the statements above are true?

The drug heparin is frequently administered intravenously in order to prevent blood clots. But some doctors point out that thousands of patients undergoing treatment with heparin have suffered adverse reactions in just the last year. Since there are no plans to make any modifications to the drug, adverse reactions in patients being treated with heparin will only increase if use of the drug becomes more widespread.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

A likely challenger to Mayor Stephenson in next year’s election has recently stated that the city’s budget is in shambles, citing as evidence the city’s overspending on transportation this year. Portraying the current state of things as intolerable is always in the interest of a challenger to an incumbent, but it is particularly unwarranted in this case. It is true that overspending is generally undesirable, but in this case it was both unavoidable and ultimately advantageous. Failure by past mayors to attend to transportation-infrastructure maintenance forced this administration to make emergency repairs that will lower maintenance and repair costs for the city’s transportation budgets for years to come.

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

Dolomedes is one representative species of a number of the world’s semiaquatic spiders, spiders hunting in a thoroughly specialized and unusual environment where it feeds almost exclusively on drowning insects—arthropods without adaptations to liquid environments.

The construction of Foxboro Stadium, which was officially known as Schaefer Stadium, started in 1970, during the governorship of Francis Sargent, was completed a year later, during the same administration.

Because there are stipulations of the new corporate policy that mandate that even basic transactions can be the catalyst for legal claims to restitution or reimbursement, they have already caused a radical reevaluation of the methods sales staff use to do business.

Once extremely expensive and used primarily for ornamental or decorative purposes, a metal now known as aluminum, which can be effective in an ever-expanding suite of production applications for a relatively low cost, is now used in food packaging, structural engineering, and bicycle manufacture.

Physicists, using extremely sophisticated instruments, have documented that the component particles of atoms—protons, neutrons, and electrons—comprise many smaller units called hadrons that are themselves composed of quarks, particles whose radii are 2,000 times smaller than a proton.

Both students and professors will come to depend on digitized archives of historical documents for such invaluable research tools as electronic copies, typed transcriptions, and searchable versions, in which even similar terms are recognized as distinct rather than interchangeable.