|
OG19-语文分册 OG20-语文分册
|
The passage is primarily concerned with
|
|
OG19-数学分册
|
A company sells radios for $15.00.each. It costs company $14.00 per radio to produce 1,000 radios and $13.50 per radio to produce 2,000 radios. How much greater will the company's gross profit be from the production and sale of 2,000 radios than from the production and sale of 1,000 radios?
|
|
OG19-数学分册
|
Which of the following represent positive numbers?
I. -3 - (-5)
II. (-3）(-5)
Ill. -5 - (-3)
|
|
|
In 1971 researchers hoping to predict earthquakes in the short term by identifying precursory phenomena (those that occur a few days before large quakes but not otherwise) turned their attention to changes in seismic waves that had been detected prior to earthquakes. An explanation for such changes was offered by "dilatancy theory," based on a well-known phenomenon observed in rocks in the laboratory: as stress builds, microfractures in rock close, decreasing the rock's volume. But as stress continues to increase, the rock begins to crack and expand in volume, allowing groundwater to seep in, weakening the rock. According to this theory, such effects could lead to several precursory phenomena in the field, including a change in the velocity of seismic waves, and an increase in small, nearby tremors. [line:18][hl:6]Researchers initially reported success in identifying these possible precursors, but subsequent analyses of their data proved disheartening.[/line:18][/hl:6] Seismic waves with unusual velocities were recorded before some earthquakes, but while the historical record confirms that most large earthquakes are preceded by minor tremors, these foreshocks indicate nothing about the magnitude of an impending quake and are indistinguishable from other minor tremors that occur without large earthquakes. In the 1980s, some researchers turned their efforts from short-term to long-term prediction. Noting that earthquakes tend to occur repeatedly in certain regions, Lindh and Baker attempted to identify patterns of recurrence, or earthquake cycles, on which to base predictions. In a study of earthquake-prone sites along the San Andreas Fault, they determined that quakes occurred at intervals of approximately 22 years near one site and concluded that there was a 95 percent probability of an earthquake in that area by 1992. The earthquake did not occur within the time frame predicted, however.
Line Evidence against the kind of regular earthquake cycles that Lindh and Baker tried to establish has come from a relatively new field, paleoseismology. [line:42]Paleoseismologists have unearthed and dated geological features such as fault scarps that were caused by earthquakes thousands of years ago. They have determined that the average interval between ten earthquakes that took place at one site along the San Andreas Fault in the past two millennia was 132 years, but individual intervals ranged greatly, from 44 to 332 years.[/line:42]
|
|
OG19-数学分册
|
Point X lies on side BC of rectangle ABCD, which has length 12 and width 8. What is the area of triangular region AXD?
|
|
OG19-语文分册 OG20-语文分册
|
According to the passage, laboratory evidence concerning the effects of stress on rocks might help account for
|
|
OG19-数学分册
|
A grocer has 400 pounds of coffee in stock, 20 percent of which is decaffeinated. If the grocer buys another 100 pounds of coffee of which 60 percent is decaffeinated, what percent, by weight, of the grocer's stock of coffee is decaffeinated?
|
|
OG19-语文分册 OG20-语文分册
|
It can be inferred from the passage that one problem with using precursory phenomena to predict earthquakes is that minor tremors
|
|
OG19-语文分册 OG20-语文分册
|
Each of the following is mentioned in the passage as a
characteristic of the hard sell approach EXCEPT:
|
|
|
Aroca City currently funds its public schools through
taxes on property. In place of this system, the city
plans to introduce a sales tax of 3 percent on all
retail sales in the city. Critics protest that 3 percent
of current retail sales falls short of the amount raised
for schools by property taxes. The critics are correct
on this point. Nevertheless, implementing the
plan will probably not reduce the money going to
Aroca's schools. Several large retailers have selected
Aroca City as the site for huge new stores, and these
are certain to draw large numbers of shoppers from
neighboring municipalities, where sales are taxed at
rates of 6 percent and more. In consequence, retail
sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially.
In the argument given, the two portions in boldface
play which of the following roles?
|
|
OG20 OG2022
|
The author mentions all of the following as characteristic of world trade in the mid-1940s EXCEPT:
|
|
OG20 OG2022
|
In presenting the argument in the passage, the author uses all of the following EXCEPT:
|
|
OG20 OG2022
|
The author implies that the main obstacle to a truly effective Arborian trade policy is the
|
|
|
In Winters v. United States (1908), the Supreme Court held that the right to use waters flowing through or adjacent to the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation was reserved to American Indians by the treaty establishing the reservation. Although this treaty did not mention water rights, the Court ruled that the federal government, when it created the reservation, intended to deal fairly with American Indians by reserving for them the waters without which their lands would have been useless. Later decisions, citing Winters, established that courts can find federal rights to reserve water for particular purposes if (1)the land in question lies within an enclave under exclusive federal jurisdiction; (2) the land has been formally withdrawn from federal public lands-i.e., withdrawn from the stock of federal lands available for private use under federal land use laws-and set aside or reserved; and (3) the circumstances reveal the government intended to reserve water as well as land when establishing the reservation.
Some American Indian tribes have also established water rights through the courts based on their traditional diversion and use of certain waters prior to the United States' acquisition of sovereignty. For example, the Rio Grande pueblos already existed when the United States acquired sovereignty over New Mexico in 1848. Although they at that time became part of the United States, the pueblo lands never formally constituted a part of federal public lands; in any event, notreaty, statute, or executive order has ever designated or withdrawn the pueblos from public lands as American Indian reservations. This fact, however, has not barred application of the Winters doctrine. What constitutes an American Indian reservation is a question of practice, not of legal definition, and the pueblos have always been treated as reservations by the United States. This pragmatic approach is buttressed by Arizona v. California (1963), wherein the Supreme Court indicated that the manner in which any type of federal reservation is created does not affect the application to it of the Winters doctrine. Therefore, the reserved water rights of Pueblo Indians have priority over other citizens' water rights as of 1848, the year in which pueblos must be considered to have become reservations.
|
|
OG20 OG2022
|
Which of the following most accurately summarizes the relationship between Arizona v. California,as that decision is described in the passage, and the criteria discussed in lines 10–20?
|
|
OG20 OG2022
|
The “pragmatic approach” mentioned in lines 37–38 of the passage is best defined as one that
|
|
OG20 OG2022
|
It can be inferred from the passage that the Winters doctrine has been used to establish which of the following?
|
|
OG20
|
A successful coffee stand that serves the workers in a large office building plans to increase its profits by adding oatmeal—a hot cereal popular among the workers—to its menu. The manager says that oatmeal is “the ultimate convenience food” because it can be served by the cup, as coffee is; further, offering oatmeal will enable the stand to get into the breakfast business without making a large investment, because it does not require elaborate cooking equipment.
Which of the following would, if true, most strengthen the likelihood that the manager's plan will achieve its goal?
|
|
OG20 OG2022
|
The primary purpose of the passage is to
|
|
OG20 OG2022
|
The passage suggests that the legal rights of citizens other than American Indians to the use of water flowing into the Rio Grande pueblos are
|