If  and  are integers, is  an even integer?

1.  is an even integer.
2. 

Solutional caves are formed in the earth when a soft rock, usually limestone, is eroded by rainwater that has mixed with soils and carbon dioxide to form carbonic acid. Troglotopia Cave and the surrounding earth contain low amounts of soft rock, so it is not a solutional cave.

For purposes of evaluating the argument it would be most useful to establish which of the following?

Book reviewer: the author of this book confirms that it was inspired by the plot of Anthony Adverse, the 1933 book by Hervey Allen, but maintains that the style of writing is unique. Orpheo, the author's main character, is an orphan, like the lead character of the earlier novel, but Orpheo's dialogue is of a style that would never been heard in the 1930s.

The author's position is best supported if which of the following is true?

Which of the following most logically completes the argument?

Pasteurization greatly reduces the number of potentially disease-causing microbes in milk. However, it destroys enzymes that contribute to immunity and also digestive enzymes, such as lactase, that aid the body in assimilating milk's nutrients. Some parties, pointing out that for some milk drinkers, such as infants, the risks of drinking unpasteurized milk outweigh the benefits, conclude too hastily that unpasteurized milk is too dangerous to allow on the market, overlooking the fact that _______________.

White-labeling is the practice of providing a product to another company to be sold under that company's high-quality brand name. Since white-labeling allows the designer of a product to obtain additional revenue from a given design at minimal cost, and it allows the seller of the white-labelled product to sell and obtain a product without having to design the product, white-labeling is usually advantageous for both parties.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

Drivers of automobiles who are over 30 are more likely to purchase music in digital format and are more likely to purchase it in larger amounts than are members of any other demographic group. The popular conception that young people listen to more music in digital format than adults must, therefore, be false.

The argument is flawed primarily because the author

Organic fertilizers are made from mineral deposits along with bone meal, plant meal, or composted manure, while synthetic fertilizers are made by processing synthetic chemicals. The numeric ratio listed on a fertilizer, whether it's organic or synthetic, indicates the proportions of the primary nutrients—nitrogen, phosphate, and potash—inside. For example, a bag of fertilizer labeled 4-8-6 contains 4 percent nitrogen, 8 percent phosphate, and 6 percent potash. A 100-pound bag of 4-8-6 organic fertilizer and a 100-pound bag of 4-8-6 synthetic fertilizer may differ in other respects, but farmers can rest assured that the bags differ neither in the amount of primary nutrients they deliver into soil, nor in the time period those nutrients remain available to plants' root systems.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above?

In recent years, some painters of graffiti have been winning recognition as artists. But since graffiti is vandalism, painting graffiti is inherently an act of rebellion and lawbreaking. For this reason, painting graffiti is not art.

Which of the following is an assumption that supports drawing the conclusion above from the reason given for that conclusion?

In most countries, lower taxes stimulate economic growth, which is an increase of the capacity of an economy to produce goods and services. In the nation of Tattua, economic growth is significantly higher than it is in the nation of Hothal. Clearly, therefore, Tattua's industries must, on the whole, be further advanced technologically than Hothal's are.

The argument is most vulnerable to which of the following criticisms?

A minority but influential investor in Quell has recently claimed that the company's stock is undervalued, citing as evidence the announced plan of Quell's CEO, who is the majority shareholder, to sell the company within a short period of time. According to the minority investor, the CEO is permitting or even encouraging an undervalued stock price so that he may get the company sold and liquidate his stake in the company. By accusing the CEO of having personal motives allow the stock price to become distorted, however, the minority investor is guilty of the precise accusation that he himself is making. This investor is known for using his influence to attempt to sway public opinion and meddle in otherwise well-calibrated deals in order to drive up share prices for his personal financial benefit.

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

Since neighboring country Bordland dropped all tariffs on imports of our country's automobiles one year ago, the number of automobiles sold annually in Bordland has not changed. However, recent statistics show a drop in the number of automobile factory workers in Bordland. Meanwhile, the number of people employed by automobile factories in our country has long been significantly higher than in Bordland. Therefore, updated trade statistics will probably indicate that the number of automobiles Bordland imports annually from our country has increased.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

The average text-format computer password is highly effective at stopping casual attempts by hackers to break into a critical, secured computer systems but can be hacked within a few minutes by a powerful computer permitted to make repeated remote login attempts. No critical, secured computer system can afford to be defended by a measure that will last as little time as a few minutes. Biometric authentication, on the other hand, has no vulnerability to remote repeated login attempts. Clearly, therefore, for critical, secured computer systems, the average text-format computer password can play no part in effectively stopping hacking attempts.

The argument is most vulnerable to the objection that it fails to

The Nowka apparel company's design for its new luxury jacket, the Fleecer, included a special design for a synthetic fabric layer that was intended to complement the model's image. The winning bid for supplying this synthetic fabric was submitted by Rainflex. Analysts concluded that the bid would only just cover Rainflex's costs on the fabric, but Rainflex executives claim that winning the bid will actually make a profit for the company.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly justifies the claim made by Rainflex's executives?

The company Straffkey guarantees in its contracts with clients that for every ten computer programmers employed by Straffkey on a client project, Straffkey will employ at least one certified project manager. Since many of Straffkey's contracts are with the nation's government, its business increases during economic recessions, when the government spends more, and it has to hire more computer programmers at these times to complete its contracts. Therefore, while many jobs are threatened by economic recessions, the prospects of being hired as a project manager at Straffkey will not be lessened by the state of the economy as a whole.

Which of the following would be most important to determine in order to evaluate the argument?

Geologists believe that one of the largest volcanic eruptions in human history occurred 74,000 years ago, the Toba supereruption. In one area, Middle Paleolithic tools of similar styles have been found and dated to closely before and after the Toba supereruption, indicating that the humans who lived after the supereruption were members of the population that had lived in that area prior to the eruption.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

Genetically modified crops have been sold commercially for almost twenty years now, and there is no evidence linking their consumption with any sort of disease. At this point, it is unreasonable to believe they are dangerous; with such attention on them, if they created short- or long-term health problems, we would know about it by now.

Which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument stated above?

In the city of North Haverbrook, where a new tourism industry is growing, hotels have been booked to capacity and forced to turn away potential visitors with increasing frequency during the two peak months of tourist season. The annual number of desired room bookings is expected to increase by 25 percent within the next four years. Meanwhile, the local chamber of commerce believes that the establishment of new hotels will increase booking capacity by only 3 percent per year. Nevertheless, the chamber believes that this growth in the hotel industry will be sufficient to ensure that North Haverbrook's hotels do not turn away more potential bookings than they presently do.

Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest grounds for the officials' prediction?

Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

Archeologists believe a group of ancient tombs near the seaside town of Absuir, Egypt is home to the burial of the queen Cleopatra VII's lover Mark Antony in the year 30 B.C. They base their judgment on the site's proximity to Alexandria and on the discovery of a partial mask showing a cleft chin reminiscent of Mark Antony, which, as is customary with burials of Egyptian rulers, would have been included with or near the mummified body at the time of the burial. Furthermore, _______________.

Pundit: Many people blame the construction of retail locations by major corporations for the decline in locally owned bookstores over the past ten years. Yet clearly, online sales of books have also played an important role in this decline. In the past ten years, sales by online retailers of books have risen sharply, and surveys of consumer behavior have indicated that many purchasers of books online, if convenient online options had not been available to them, would otherwise have purchased books at a local bookstore.

In the pundit's argument, the portion in boldface plays which of the following roles?

A "vice tax" can suppress demand for a product or service that is not wholly in the public's favor by making it more expensive. The country of Balbonia wished to duplicate Geraldia's success in using a vice tax to reduce the sales of nicotine products, such as cigarettes. When Balbonia introduced the same tax into its market, however, demand for nicotine products remained undiminished, even though the currency-adjusted prices of nicotine in Balbonia rose to levels equivalent to those in Geraldia.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the contrasting impact of the two instances of vice tax described above?