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Magoosh
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Phytonutrients, found in fresh fruits and vegetables, have beneficial effects on the human cardiovascular system. Because heart disease is a major health concern, American doctors should encourage all people, especially those with heart disease, to eat a diet high in fresh fruits and vegetables.Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the argument above?
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Magoosh
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Aid workers have worried that residents of the Eastern Gobi Refugee Camp might be at risk for beriberi, a severe deficiency of Thiamine, a B vitamin. Thiamine is found in high concentrations in cereal grains, and many of the residents have grain free diets because of allergies. Doctors and nutritionists assigned to investigate the situation have disagreed, noting that the residents grow sustenance amounts of potatoes, kale, and cauliflower on the surrounding farm lands, and these foods provide substantial sources of Thiamine as well. Because the residents of this refugee camp do not have any allergies to any of these latter foods, and crops have been good because of favorable weather conditions, their risk of beriberi is much lower than originally thought.In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
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Magoosh
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If a spaceship travels at an average speed of$$ 6x10^{10}$$ kilometers per year, how many years will it take the spaceship to travel $$3x10^{30}$$ kilometers?
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Magoosh
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If 4x - 3y = 13 and 5x + 2y = -1, then x =
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Magoosh
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The number of Tundra swan in an arctic refuge has been steadily dwindling. It has been determined that the majority of the birds have died from lead poisoning, which is contained in the buckshot that hunters use to kill the swan. Local authorities have responded by banning hunting, and the number of hunters cited has since dropped dramatically, yet the number of birds that continue to die each month from lead poisoning has not changed.Which of the following, if true, best resolves the discrepancy above?
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Magoosh
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According to the Federal Veterans Administration (VA), a certain county has a relatively high proportion of veterans among its residents, and over the past decade, these veterans have reported a number of health concerns that have not been adequately addressed. The VA does not have its own hospital in this county. Plan: For the past 5 years, the VA has earmarked several million dollars to pay all 18 hospitals in this county to fund short-term and long-term care for veterans. Result: Over the past 5 years, VA surveys have indicated no significant decrease in the number of veterans who say they have health concerns that have not been adequately addressed. Further information: VA surveys indicate that all veterans are aware of the VA funds that would cover their expenses at county hospitals. Veterans in this county span a variety of ages and a variety of health conditions. In light of the further information, which of the following, if true, does most to explain the result that followed the implementation of the plan?
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Magoosh
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In a certain factory, the union membership was higher in 2010 than in 2008. For the period from 2007 to 2011, the percentage of factory workers that were members of the union remained constant. The statements above, if true, most strongly support which conclusion?
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Magoosh
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From a total of 5 boys and 4 girls, how many 4-person committees can be selected if the committee must have exactly 2 boys and 2 girls?
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Magoosh
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The Interstate Bridge over the Apache River, built in the 1950s, shows a substantial amount of rust: as much as 45% of its surface is coated in rust. Community activists have argued that the bridge presents a hazard: it is likely to collapse in places where it has rusted through. Professors of mechanical engineering at the local university did an extensive analysis of the bridge. These professors and their graduate students determined that 98% of the rust on the bridge exists on the surface only, and actually seals the underlying steel from the corrosive influence of the elements. The results of this academic study suggest that the bridge is safe for continued use. In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
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Magoosh
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The Dvorak keyboard requires less finger movement than the ubiquitous QWERTY keyboard. As a result, Dvorak keyboard users are not only able to type more words per minute, but are also less vulnerable to both repetitive stress disorder and carpal tunnel syndrome. Nonetheless, businesses, as well as consumers, have not adopted the Dvorak keyboard. Clearly, if the Dvorak keyboard is to become more widely used, its benefits must be more widely touted.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most doubt on the author's conclusion?
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Magoosh
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An unknown simian virus recently killed off nearly half the human population of a remote jungle town. Because the disease spread at an alarming rate—victims usually exhibited signs within 8 hours of exposure, and many died within 36 hours—the simian virus, if an outbreak occurs again, is likely to cause more deaths than has any other previous virus. Which of the following pieces of information most effectively calls into question the validity of the conclusion?
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Magoosh
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Oceanologist: Recently an unprecedented number of dead dolphins washed ashore along the mid-Atlantic coast. In the blood of over half of the dolphins, marine biologists discovered a brevotoxin that had been emitted by the alga Ptychodiscus brevis, in what is known as a red tide. Additionally, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), a toxic industrial compound, was also found in the dolphin's blood. A reasonable conclusion, and indeed one many have drawn, is that the dolphins were simply victims of the brevotoxin. Nonetheless, brevotoxins, by themselves, are not lethal to dolphins, though they do tax the dolphins system. Furthermore, most dolphins have some accumulated brevotoxins in their blood without suffering any ill health effects. Therefore, the brevotoxins alone cannot explain the mass beaching of dead dolphins. Which of the following, if true, does most to help explain the oceanologist's doubt that the brevotoxins were the primary cause of the dolphins washing upon shore?
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Magoosh
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$$\sqrt{（49）（137）-（56）（49）}$$
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Magoosh
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More than 80% of the executives in the county attended high school in the county, and clearly they represent some of the brightest in the county. Among the seventeen high schools in the county, the three in the coastal towns have had the highest test scores in the county for several decades. A recent study shows that almost all of the county executives who attended high school in the county attended one of those three high schools in the coastal towns.
The argument above is most vulnerable to criticism on which grounds?
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Magoosh
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In terms of x and y, what is the area of the shaded region?Note: Figure not drawn to scale
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Magoosh
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The Indonesian mimic octopus is able to camouflage itself from predators by blending into the background. Sometimes, though, even when a predator is nearby, the mimic octopus takes on a color pattern that is not present in the immediate environment. A marine biologist of cephalopods claims that this behavior is a sign of an octopus engaging in play, meaning that the behavior does not confer any specific advantage.Which of the following, if true, would most call in to doubt the marine biologist's claim?
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Magoosh
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Scientists have created double-blind studies so that neither the subjects of the experiment nor scientists know whether the subject is receiving an actual drug or a placebo, which is nothing more than a sugar pill. Essentially, if one knows whether one is receiving actual medicine or a placebo, such knowledge can affect the outcome of a study. A recent double-blind study on the effectiveness of the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) Freloxamine on depression found that those subjects administered the drug were 15% more likely to have a decrease in symptoms than the control group, which was comprised of those who received a placebo. Since neither group knew which they were receiving, the placebo or the SSRI, the observed drop in depression can only be attributed to Freloxamine.
Which of the following, if true, best calls into question the conclusion of the argument?
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Magoosh
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If 0.25 + x = y and y/x = 0.2, then y =
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Magoosh
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Today, Bill is thirteen times as old as Pete. In nine years, Bill will be four times as old as Pete. How old will Pete be 2 years from today?
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Magoosh
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The city of Littleville wishes to institute a congestion charge, in which cars driving through the most crowded streets of Littleville, in the downtown area, would pay a fee when they did so. Proponents argue that, in these circumstances, most of the drivers in the city would choose to use outlying roads. This reduction in the traffic in downtown Littleville would help reduce the number of car accidents in the area.The conclusion drawn in the above argument depends on which of the following assumptions?
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