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GWD
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All of the following are expressly mentioned in the passage as factors that did not significantly affect players' behavior EXCEPT the
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GWD PREP08 Test 1
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The primary purpose of the passage is to explain the
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GWD PREP08 Test 1
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It can be inferred from the passage that when aspen groves experience a "disturbance", such a disturbance
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GWD
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The author of the passage refers to "the bark of most trees" (line 6) most likely in order to emphasize the
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KMFRC PREP08 Test 1
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According to the passage, which of the following would occur if an aspen grove failed to regenerate periodically?
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In 1675, Louis XIV established the Parisian seamstresses' guild, the first independent all- female guild created in over 200 years. Guild members could make and sell women's and children's clothing, but were prohibited from producing men's clothing or dresses for court women. Tailors resented the ascension of seamstresses to guild status; seamstresses, meanwhile, were impatient with the remaining restrictions on their right to clothe women.The conflict between the guilds was not purely economic, however. A 1675 police report indicated that since so many seamstresses were already working illegally, the tailors were unlikely to suffer additional economic damage because of the seamstresses' incorporation. Moreover, guild membership held very different meanings for tailors and seamstresses. To the tailors, their status as guild members overlapped with their role as heads of household, and entitled them to employ as seamstresses female family members who did not marry outside the trade. The seamstresses, however, viewed guild membership as [hl:4] [hl:3] [hl:2] [hl:1]a mark of independence the patriarchal family.[/hl:1][/hl:2][/hl:3][/hl:4] Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges. At the conflict's center was the issue of whether tailors' female relatives should be identified as family members protected by the tailors' guild or as individuals under the jurisdiction of the seamstresses' guild.
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It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following was true of seamstresses employed by relatives who were members of the tailors' guild?
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In 1975 Chinese survey teams remeasured Mount Everest, the highest of the Himalayan mountains. Like the British in 1852, they used the age-old technique of “carrying in” sea level: surveyors marched inland from the coast for thousands of miles, stopping at increments of as little as a few feet to measure their elevation, and marking each increment with two poles. To measure the difference in elevation between poles, surveyors used an optical level—a telescope on a level base—placed halfway between the poles. They sighted each pole, reading off measurements that were then used to calculate the change in elevation over each increment. In sight of the peaks they used theodolites telescopes for measuring vertical and horizontal angles—to determine the elevation of the summit.[hl:4][hl:3][hl:2][hl:1]The Chinese, however, made efforts to correct for the errors that had plagued the British.[/hl:1][/hl:2][/hl:3][/hl:4] One source of error is refraction, the bending of light beams as they pass through air layers of different temperature and pressure. Because light traveling down from a summit passes through many such layers, a surveyor could sight a mirage rather than the peak itself. To reduce refraction errors, the Chinese team carried in sea level to within five to twelve miles of Everest's summit, decreasing the amount of air that light passed through on its way to their theodolites. The Chinese also launched weather balloons near their theodolites to measure atmospheric temperature and pressure changes to better estimate refraction errors. Another hurdle is the peak's shape. When surveyors sight the summit, there is a risk they might not all measure the same point. In 1975 the Chinese installed the first survey beacon on Everest, a red reflector visible through a theodolite for ten miles, as a reference point. One more source of error is the unevenness of sea level. The British assumed that carrying in sea level would extend an imaginary line from the shore along Earth's curve to a point beneath the Himalayas. In reality, sea level varies according to the irregular interior of the planet. The Chinese used a gravity meter to correct for local deviations in sea level.
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GWD
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Which of the following best describes the purpose of the sentence in highlight text?
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GWD
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible source of error in surveying mountain elevation?
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GI
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 The graph shows the effect of voters' previously stated preference regarding the issue of working-time reduction on the probability of those voters' actual choice being the same as that stated preference. Using the drop-down menus, fill in the blanks to make the most accurate statements based on the graph.Members of the party are most apt to vote according to their previously stated preference regarding the issue of working-time reduction.Members of the party are most apt to vote against the issue of working-time reduction if their previously stated preference regarding the issue of working-time reduction was also against.
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OG16 OG17 OG18 OG19 OG20 OG2022
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Most of the year, the hermit thrush, a North American songbird, eats a diet consisting mainly of insects, but in autumn, as the thrushes migrate to their Central and South American wintering grounds, they feed almost exclusively on wild berries. Wild berries, however, are not as rich in calories as insects, yet thrushes need to consume plenty of calories in order to complete their migration. One possible explanation is that berries contain other nutrients that thrushes need for migration and that insects lack.Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the explanation given for the thrush's diet during migration?
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OG16 OG17 OG18 OG19 OG20 OG2022
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It is widely assumed that people need to engage in intellectual activities such as solving crossword puzzles or mathematics problems in order to maintain mental sharpness as they age. In fact, however, simply talking to other people——that is, participating in social interaction, which engages many mental and perceptual skills——suffices. Evidence to this effect comes from a study showing that the more social contact people report, the better their mental skills.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the force of the evidence cited?
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OG16 OG17 OG18 OG19 OG20 OG2022
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Thai village crafts, as with other cultures, have developed through the principle that form follows function and incorporate readily available materials fashioned using traditional skills.
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OG16 OG17 OG18 OG19 OG20 OG2022
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Discussion of greenhouse effects have usually had as a focus the possibility of Earth growing warmer and to what extent it might, but climatologists have indicated all along that precipitation, storminess, and temperature extremes are likely to have the greatest impact on people.
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OG16 OG17 OG18 OG19 OG20 OG2022
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Having been named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter, the asteroid named Ida, in the middle of the belt of asteroids that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter, was discovered in 1884.
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OG16 OG17 OG18 OG19 OG20 OG2022
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Researchers studying the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethical dilemmas have found that the basis for making tough moral judgments is emotion, not logic or analytical reasoning.
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OG16 OG17 OG18 OG19 OG20 OG2022
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November is traditionally the strongest month for sales of light trucks, but sales this past November, even when compared with sales in previous Novembers, accounted for a remarkably large share of total vehicle sales.
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OG16 OG17 OG18 OG19 OG20 OG2022
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While many of the dinosaur fossils found recently in northeast China seem to provide evidence of the kinship between dinosaurs and birds, the wealth of enigmatic fossils seem more likely at this stage that they will inflame debates over the origin of birds rather than settle them.
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