Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

Archeologists believe a group of ancient tombs near the seaside town of Absuir, Egypt is home to the burial of the queen Cleopatra VII's lover Mark Antony in the year 30 B.C. They base their judgment on the site's proximity to Alexandria and on the discovery of a partial mask showing a cleft chin reminiscent of Mark Antony, which, as is customary with burials of Egyptian rulers, would have been included with or near the mummified body at the time of the burial. Furthermore, _______________.

Pundit: Many people blame the construction of retail locations by major corporations for the decline in locally owned bookstores over the past ten years. Yet clearly, online sales of books have also played an important role in this decline. In the past ten years, sales by online retailers of books have risen sharply, and surveys of consumer behavior have indicated that many purchasers of books online, if convenient online options had not been available to them, would otherwise have purchased books at a local bookstore.

In the pundit's argument, the portion in boldface plays which of the following roles?

A "vice tax" can suppress demand for a product or service that is not wholly in the public's favor by making it more expensive. The country of Balbonia wished to duplicate Geraldia's success in using a vice tax to reduce the sales of nicotine products, such as cigarettes. When Balbonia introduced the same tax into its market, however, demand for nicotine products remained undiminished, even though the currency-adjusted prices of nicotine in Balbonia rose to levels equivalent to those in Geraldia.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the contrasting impact of the two instances of vice tax described above?

At a large, popular restaurant, a reduction of 25 percent in the number of patrons each night would allow the management to get rid of the common long lines of people waiting to eat dinner. A second, partner restaurant, a 25 minute drive away, would, if refurbished, be an alternative for half of the patrons who visit the first restaurant. Nevertheless, a waiter at the restaurant is confident that refurbishing the partner restaurant would not end the long lines at the original location.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to justify the waiter's position?

The Hubble telescope has the great advantage over land-based telescopes of taking images from outside of the planet's atmosphere, which greatly blurs images. Nevertheless, the Hubble has two major disadvantages relative to land-based telescopes: it is difficult to repair, and to maneuver it requires the use of fuel, which will ultimately run out. An adviser at the space agency has proposed equipping the International Space Station with small robotic spacecraft that can be launched from orbit to repair the Hubble at a much lower cost than a repair craft launched from earth would cost.

Which of the following, if true, is NOT a serious weakness of the space agency adviser's plan?

Which of the following most logically completes the argument?

The claim that Homo habilis, Homo rudolfensis and Homo erectus, three classifications of hominids extant about 2 million years ago, might represent a single species, is considered tentative, since it is based on a single analysis in the journal Science of a single fossil specimen known as "skull 5." One evolutionary biologist reports several of his colleagues are writing concurring articles. Nonetheless even if that prediction proves correct, these new articles will lend no support to the claim that the three species are in fact one, since _______________.

This year, our company has moved its call center service team from within the country to an offshore location. Some members of our organization have questioned whether we are providing equal customer service, per dollar of cost, as we did before. We most certainly are, as is indicated by our satisfaction surveys administered at random to people who call the company help line.

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

Scientists have genetically modified three pigs so that they are thoroughly florescent both in daylight and in darkness. Pigs have been modified in this fashion before, but the scientists who have created the most recent set observe that their technique has improved the odds of successfully modifying a specific embryo and making the adult pig completely florescent. The presence of the green protein will allow genetically modified cells to be tracked if they were transplanted into a human. This will immediately speed scientists' understanding of genetic research for the purpose of improving human health.

Which of the following would be most useful to determine in evaluating the claim above?

Adjusting the supply of money and increasing government spending are the two methods available to the country of Pontivius to stimulate its economy. While both methods can create economic growth, increased government spending brings unemployed resources into use, producing extra output and income and benefiting the economy in the long run. Therefore, by increasing spending, the government of Pontivius will do the most that it can do to stimulate its economy.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

Each of three plants, $P_1$, $P_2$, and $P_3$, photosynthesizes glucose at a constant, characteristic rate measured in molecules per minute. If $p_1$ is the ratio of $P_1$'s rate to $P_2$'s rate and $p_2$ is the ratio of $P_2$'s rate to $P_3$'s rate, is $P_3$'s rate the greatest of the three?

1. $p_1<p_2$
2. $p_2<1$

$m=\frac{\frac{3}{n}}{\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2y}}$ In the expression above, if $yn\ne 0$ , what is the value of m?

1. $y=\frac{3n}{2}$
2. $n=\frac{3}{2}$

If x and y are positive integers, is $\sqrt{x+y+1}>3\sqrt{x+1}$?

1. $y>8x+8$
2. $x+y>8x+8$

If $d_1$ and $d_2$ are the numbers of defective items in production runs yielding $r_1$ and $r_2$ total items, respectively, the ratio of defects per run is greater for which of the two production runs?

1. $d_1>d_2$
2. $r_2>r_1$

If 1,200 employees, males and females, requested a raise, how many requests were granted?

1. $\frac{5}{12}$ of the males and $\frac{7}{12}$ of the females had their request granted.
2. 200 of the requests made by males were granted.

The ratio of the number of girls to the number of boys in Group A is twice  what it is in Group B. What is the ratio of the total number of boys and girls in Group A to the total number of boys and girls in Group B?

1. There are 30 more boys and girls in Group A than in Group B.
2. The ratio of the number of girls to the number of boys in Group A is 6 to 5.

A stack of colored cards is sorted such that x blue cards, y red cards, and z green cards are placed on top of each of a number of yellow cards, and there are no cards left over. How many yellow cards are there?

1. The numbers of blue, red, and green cards placed on a given yellow card are in the ratio 3:4:7, respectively.
2. A total of 90 blue cards, 120 red cards, and 210 green cards are placed.

Is $abc=1$?

1. $ab=1$
2. $bc=1$

If k is an integer, is k even?

1. $\frac{k}{2}$ is not an even integer.
2. $5-k$ is an even integer.

The average (arithmetic mean) price of three items sold by a store to a particular customer, before discounts, was $90. If a discount of 20% was applied at the point of purchase to all items of at least $100, what was the total discount saved by the customer?

1. The pre-discount price of the most expensive item that the customer purchased from the store was $180.
2. The pre-discount price of the least expensive item that the customer purchased from the store was $10.