CR-PREP：第221-240题 练习册详情

1

Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

Concerned about the financial well-being of its elderly citizens, the government of Runagia decided two years ago to increase by 20 percent the government-provided pension paid to all Runagians over 65. Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible, and the increase has been duly received by all eligible Runagians. Nevertheless, many of them are no better off financially than they were before the increase, in large part because __________.

• they rely entirely on the government pension for their income
• Runagian banks are so inefficient that it can take up to three weeks to cash a pension check
• they buy goods whose prices tend to rise especially fast in times of inflation
• the pension was increased when the number of elderly Runagians below the poverty level reached an all-time high
• in Runagia children typically supplement the income of elderly parents, but only by enough to provide them with a comfortable living

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2

Two years ago, the government of Runagia increased by 20 percent the government-provided pensions paid to Runagians over 65. The aim of the increase was to stimulate the economy in the rural regions of the country, where most pension recipients live. Statistics, however, show that there has been no increase in economic activity in those regions since then, but that there has been noticeably more spending in the urban areas.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why the increase resulted in the unintended state of affairs described?

• Until the pensions were increased, many Runagians over 65 in rural regions had been receiving support from their children who live in urban areas.
• The pensions were increased when the number of people below the poverty level in rural areas of Runagia reached an all-time high.
• City-dwellers in Runagia rarely travel to rural regions of the country.
• The Runagian postal system is so inefficient that it can take up to three weeks for pension checks to reach recipients in rural areas.
• On average, the pensions were higher in rural than in urban areas before the increase.

6009人做过此题 平均耗时为4min19s 平均正确率为 49%

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3

When a new restaurant, Martin's Cafe, opened in Riverville last year, many people predicted that business at the Wildflower Inn, Riverville's only other restaurant, would suffer from the competition. Surprisingly, however, in the year since Martin's Cafe opened, the average number of meals per night served at the Wildflower Inn has increased significantly.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the increase?

• Unlike the Wildflower Inn, Martin's Cafe serves considerably more meals on weekends than it does on weekdays.
• Most of the customers of Martin's Cafe had never dined in Riverville before this restaurant opened, and on most days Martin's Cafe attracts more customers than it can seat.
• The profit per meal is higher, on average, for meals served at Martin's Cafe than for those served at the Wildflower Inn.
• The Wildflower Inn is not open on Sundays, and therefore Riverville residents who choose to dine out on that day must either eat at Martin's Cafe or go to neighboring towns to eat.
• A significant proportion of the staff at Martin's Cafe are people who formerly worked at the Wildflower Inn and were hired away by the owner of Martin's Cafe.

9993人做过此题 平均耗时为8min45s 平均正确率为 47%

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4

Goronian lawmaker: Goronia's Cheese Importation Board, the agency responsible for inspecting all wholesale shipments of cheese entering Goronia from abroad and rejecting shipments that fail to meet specified standards, rejects about one percent of the cheese that it inspects. Since the health consequences and associated costs of not rejecting that one percent would be negligible, whereas the cost of maintaining the agency is not, the agency's cost clearly outweighs the benefits it provides.

Knowing the answer to which of the following would be most useful in evaluating the lawmaker's argument?

• Are any of the types of cheeses that are imported into Goronia also produced in Goronia?
• Has the Cheese Importation Board, over the last several years, reduced its operating costs by eliminating inefficiencies within the agency itself?
• Does the possibility of having merchandise rejected by the Cheese Importation Board deter many cheese exporters from shipping substandard cheese to Goronia?
• Are there any exporters of cheese to Goronia whose merchandise is never rejected by the Cheese Importation Board?
• How is the cheese rejected by the Cheese Importation Board disposed of?

9163人做过此题 平均耗时为27min33s 平均正确率为 57%

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5

In the nation of Partoria, large trucks currently have a much higher rate of traffic accidents per mile driven than other vehicles do. However, the very largest trucks—those with three trailers—had less than a third of the accident rate of single- and double-trailer trucks. Clearly, therefore, one way for Partoria to reduce the number of traffic accidents would be to require shippers to increase their use of triple-trailer trucks.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

• Partorian trucking companies currently use triple-trailer trucks only for long trips using major highways, which is the safest kind of trip for large trucks.
• No matter what changes Partoria makes in the regulation of trucking, it will have to keep some smaller roads off-limits to all large trucks.
• Increased use of triple-trailer trucks would mean that large trucks would account for a smaller proportion of all miles driven on Partoria's roads than they currently do.
• In Partoria, the safety record of the trucking industry as a whole has improved slightly over the past ten years.
• The volume of truck traffic on Partoria's highways could be reduced by encouraging shippers to use rail transport whenever possible.

5204人做过此题 平均耗时为3min43s 平均正确率为 58%

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6

Journalist: Every election year at this time the state government releases the financial disclosures that potential candidates must make in order to be eligible to run for office. Among those making the required financial disclosure this year is a prominent local businessman, Arnold Bergeron. There has often been talk in the past of Mr. Bergeron's running for governor, not least from Mr. Bergeron himself. This year it is likely he finally will, since those who have discounted the possibility of a Bergeron candidacy have always pointed to the necessity of making financial disclosure as the main obstacle to such a candidacy.

In the journalist's argument, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

• The first provides information without which the argument lacks force; the second states the main conclusion of the argument.
• The first provides information without which the argument lacks force; the second states an intermediate conclusion that is used to support a further conclusion.
• The first describes a practice that the journalist seeks to defend; the second cites a likely consequence of this practice.
• The first states evidence bearing against the main conclusion of the argument; the second states that conclusion.
• Each provides evidence in support of an intermediate conclusion that supports a further conclusion stated in the argument.

5956人做过此题 平均耗时为8min29s 平均正确率为 59%

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7

Kate: The recent decline in numbers of the Tennessee warbler, a North American songbird that migrates each fall to coffee plantations in South America, is due to the elimination of the dense tree cover that formerly was a feature of most South American coffee plantations.

Scott: The population of the spruce budworm, the warbler's favorite prey in North America, has been dropping. This is a more likely explanation of the warbler's decline.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls Scott's hypothesis into question?

• The numbers of the Baltimore oriole, a songbird that does not eat budworms but is as dependent on South American coffee plantations as is the Tennessee warbler, are declining.
• The spruce-budworm population has dropped because of a disease that can infect budworms but not Tennessee warblers.
• The drop in the population of the spruce budworm is expected to be only temporary.
• Many Tennessee warbler have begun migrating in the fall to places other than traditional coffee plantations.
• Although many North American songbirds have declined in numbers, no other species has experienced as great a decline as has the Tennessee warbler.

9913人做过此题 平均耗时为9min18s 平均正确率为 47%

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8

Because it was long thought that few people would watch lengthy televised political messages, most televised political advertisements, like commercial advertisements, took the form of short messages. Last year, however, one candidate produced a half-hour-long advertisement. At the beginning of the half-hour slot a substantial portion of the viewing public had tuned in to that station. Clearly, then, many more people are interested in lengthy televised political messages than was previously thought.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

• The candidate who produced the half-hour-long advertisement did not win election at the polls.
• The half-hour-long advertisement was widely publicized before it was broadcast.
• The half-hour-long advertisement was aired during a time slot normally taken by one of the most popular prime-time shows.
• Most short political advertisements are aired during a wide range of programs in order to reach a broad spectrum of viewers.
• In general a regular-length television program that features debate about current political issues depends for its appeal on the personal qualities of the program's moderator.

5812人做过此题 平均耗时为2min3s 平均正确率为 74%

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9

Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

On the whole, scientists do their most creative work before age forty, a tendency that has been taken to show that aging carries with it a loss of creative capacity. An alternative explanation is that by age forty most scientists have worked in their field for fifteen or more years and that by then they have exhausted the opportunity for creative work in that field. Supporting this explanation is the finding that ______.

• the average age of recipients of scientific research grants is significantly greater than forty
• a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond age forty entered their field at an older age than is common
• many scientists temper their own expectations of what they can achieve in their research work by their belief that their creativity will decline as they age
• scientists who are older than forty tend to find more satisfaction in other activities, such as teaching and mentoring, than they do in pursuing their own research
• there is a similar diminution of creativity with age in nonscientific fields, such as poetry and musical composition

9996人做过此题 平均耗时为8min53s 平均正确率为 68%

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10

For similar cars and drivers, automobile insurance for collision damage has always cost more in Greatport than in Fairmont. Police studies, however, show that cars owned by Greatport residents are, on average, slightly less likely to be involved in a collision than cars in Fairmont. Clearly, therefore, insurance companies are making a greater profit on collision-damage insurance in Greatport than in Fairmont.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

• Repairing typical collision damage does not cost more in Greatport than in Fairmont.
• There are no more motorists in Greatport than in Fairmont.
• Greatport residents who have been in a collision are more likely to report it to their insurance company than Fairmont residents are.
• Fairmont and Greatport are the cities with the highest collision-damage insurance rates.
• The insurance companies were already aware of the difference in the likelihood of collisions before the publication of the police reports.

9962人做过此题 平均耗时为6min47s 平均正确率为 44%

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11

In the nation of Partoria, large trucks currently account for 6 percent of miles driven on Partoria's roads but are involved in 12 percent of all highway fatalities. The very largest trucks—those with three trailers—had less than a third of the accident rate of single- and double-trailer trucks. Clearly, therefore, one way for Partoria to reduce highway deaths would be to require shippers to increase their use of triple-trailer trucks.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

• No matter what changes Partoria makes in the regulation of trucking, it will have to keep some smaller roads off-limits to all large trucks.
• So far only the best, most experienced drivers for Partorian trucking companies have been driving triple-trailer trucks.
• Very few fatal collisions involving trucks in Partoria are collisions between two trucks.
• In Partoria, the safety record of the trucking industry as a whole has improved slightly over the past ten years.
• In Partoria, the maximum legal payload of a triple-trailer truck is less than three times the maximum legal payload of the largest of the single-trailer trucks.

7299人做过此题 平均耗时为6min12s 平均正确率为 68%

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12

Hunter: Hunters alone are blamed for the decline in Greenrock National Forest's deer population over the past ten years. Yet clearly, black bears have also played an important role in this decline. In the past ten years, the forest's protected black bear population has risen sharply, and examination of black bears found dead in the forest during the deer hunting season showed that a number of them had recently fed on deer.

In the hunter's argument, the boldface portion plays which of the following roles?

• It is the main conclusion of the argument.
• It is an objection that has been raised against the main conclusion of the argument.
• It is a judgment that the argument opposes.
• It is a finding that the argument seeks to explain.
• It provides evidence in support of the main conclusion of the argument.

9991人做过此题 平均耗时为7min21s 平均正确率为 54%

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13

Early in the twentieth century, Lake Konfa became very polluted. Recently fish populations have recovered as release of industrial pollutants has declined and the lake's waters have become cleaner. Fears are now being voiced that the planned construction of an oil pipeline across the lake's bottom might revive pollution and cause the fish population to decline again. However, a technology for preventing leaks is being installed. Therefore, provided this technology is effective, those fears are groundless.
The argument depends on assuming which of the following?

• Apart from development related to the pipeline, there will be no new industrial development around the lake that will create renewed pollution in its waters.
• Other than the possibility of a leak, there is no realistic pollution threat posed to the lake by the pipeline's construction.
• There is no reason to believe that the leak-preventing technology would be ineffective when installed in the pipeline in Lake Konfa.
• Damage to the lake's fish populations would be the only harm that a leak of oil from the pipeline would cause.
• The species of fish that are present in Lake Konfa now are the same as those that were in the lake before it was affected by pollution.

9958人做过此题 平均耗时为9min58s 平均正确率为 69%

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14

Denoma, a major consumer-electronics maker, had a sizeable decline in sales revenue for its most recent fiscal year. This result appears surprising, because electronics retailers report that although their overall sales were considerably lower than in the previous year, their sales revenue from Denoma models actually grew, largely thanks to some innovative and popular models that Denoma introduced.

Which of the following, if true, does most to explain the apparently surprising result?

• Because of the need to educate the public about its new models' capabilities, Denoma's advertising spending was higher than normal over the period.
• For the period at issue, Denoma's major competitors reported declines in revenue that were, in percentage terms, greater than Denoma's.
• A significant proportion of Denoma's revenue comes from making components for other consumer-electronics manufacturers.
• Unlike some of its major competitors, Denoma has no lines of business outside consumer electronics to provide revenue when retail sales of consumer electronics are weak.
• During the period, consumer-electronics retailers sold remaining units of Denoma's superseded models at prices that were deeply discounted from those models' original prices.

9948人做过此题 平均耗时为19min57s 平均正确率为 42%

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15

Brochure: Help conserve our city's water supply. By converting the landscaping in your yard to a water-conserving landscape, you can greatly reduce your outdoor water use. A water-conserving landscape is natural and attractive, and it also saves you money.

Criticism: For most people with yards, the savings from converting to a water-conserving landscape cannot justify the expense of new landscaping, since typically the conversion would save less than twenty dollars on a homeowner's yearly water bills.

Which of the following, if true, provides the best basis for a rebuttal of the criticism?

• Even homeowners whose yards do not have water-conserving landscapes can conserve water by installing water-saving devices in their homes.
• A conventional landscape generally requires a much greater expenditure on fertilizer and herbicide than does a water-conserving landscape.
• A significant proportion of the residents of the city live in buildings that do not have yards.
• It costs no more to put in water-conserving landscaping than it does to put in conventional landscaping.
• Some homeowners use more water to maintain their yards than they use for all other purposes combined.

9960人做过此题 平均耗时为11min58s 平均正确率为 54%

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16

Two computer companies, Garnet and Renco, each pay Salcor to provide health insurance for their employees. Because early treatment of high cholesterol can prevent strokes that would otherwise occur several years later, Salcor encourages Garnet employees to have their cholesterol levels tested and to obtain early treatment for high cholesterol. Renco employees generally remain with Renco only for a few years, however. Therefore, Salcor lacks any financial incentive to provide similar encouragement to Renco employees.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

• Early treatment of high cholesterol does not eliminate the possibility of a stroke later in life.
• People often obtain early treatment for high cholesterol on their own.
• Garnet hires a significant number of former employees of Renco.
• Renco and Garnet have approximately the same number of employees.
• Renco employees are not, on average, significantly younger than Garnet employees.

5231人做过此题 平均耗时为2min36s 平均正确率为 58%

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17

In parts of South America, vitamin-A deficiency is a serious health problem, especially among children. In one region, agriculturists hope to improve nutrition by encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato called SPK004 that is rich in betacarotene, which the body converts into vitamin A. The plan has good chances of success, since sweet potato is a staple of the region's diet and agriculture, and the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the plan will succeed?

• There are other vegetables currently grown in the region that contain more beta-carotene than the currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato do.
• The flesh of SPK004 differs from that of the currently cultivated sweet potatoes in color and texture, so traditional foods would look somewhat different when prepared from SPK004.
• For successful cultivation of SPK004, a soil significantly richer in nitrogen is needed than is needed for the varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region.
• There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.
• The currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato contain no important nutrients that SPK004 lacks.

460人做过此题 平均耗时为3min11s 平均正确率为 83%

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18

Which of the following most logically completes the argument below?

According to promotional material published by the city of Springfield, more tourists stay in hotels in Springfield than stay in the neighboring city of Harristown. A brochure from the largest hotel in Harristown claims that more tourists stay in that hotel than stay in the Royal Arms Hotel in Springfield. If both of these sources are accurate, however, the county's "Report on Tourism" must be in error in indicating that _______.

• more tourists stay in hotel accommodations in Harristown than stay in the Royal Arms Hotel
• the Royal Arms Hotel is the only hotel in Springfield
• there are several hotels in Harristown that are larger than the Royal Arms Hotel
• some of the tourists who have stayed in hotels in Harristown have also stayed in the Royal Arms Hotel
• some hotels in Harristown have fewer tourist guests each year than the Royal Arms Hotel has

8171人做过此题 平均耗时为22min15s 平均正确率为 49%

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19

Nitrogen dioxide is a pollutant emitted by automobiles. Catalytic converters, devices designed to reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions, have been required in all new cars in Donia since 1993, and as a result, nitrogen dioxide emissions have been significantly reduced throughout most of the country. Yet although the proportion of new cars in Donia's capital city has always been comparatively high, nitrogen dioxide emissions there have showed only an insignificant decline since 1993.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the insignificant decline in nitrogen dioxide emissions in Donia's capital city?

• More of the cars in Donia's capital city were made before 1993 than after 1993.
• The number of new cars sold per year in Donia has declined slightly since 1993.
• Pollutants other than nitrogen dioxide that are emitted by automobiles have also been significantly reduced in Donia since 1993.
• Many Donians who own cars made before 1993 have had catalytic converters installed in their cars.
• Most car trips in Donia's capital city are too short for the catalytic converter to reach its effective working temperature.

9924人做过此题 平均耗时为11min45s 平均正确率为 48%

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20

Capuchin monkeys often rub their bodies with a certain type of millipede. Laboratory tests show that secretions from the bodies of these millipedes are rich in two chemicals that are potent mosquito repellents, and mosquitoes carry parasites that debilitate capuchins. Some scientists hypothesize that the monkeys rub their bodies with the millipedes because doing so helps protect them from mosquitoes.

Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the scientists' hypothesis?

• A single millipede often gets passed around among several capuchins, all of whom rub their bodies with it.
• The two chemicals that repel mosquitoes also repel several other varieties of insects.
• The capuchins rarely rub their bodies with the millipedes except during the rainy season, when mosquito populations are at their peak.
• Although the capuchins eat several species of insects, they do not eat the type of millipede they use to rub their bodies.
• The two insect-repelling chemicals in the secretions of the millipedes are carcinogenic for humans but do not appear to be carcinogenic for capuchins.

9977人做过此题 平均耗时为7min10s 平均正确率为 43%

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