解释题-CR-OG15:第31-42题 练习册详情

1

When demand for a factory's products is high, more money is spent at the factory for safety precautions and machinery maintenance than when demand is low. Thus the average number of on-the-job accidents per employee each month should be lower during periods when demand is high than when demand is low and less money is available for safety precautions and machinery maintenance.

Which of the following, if true about a factory when demand for its products is high, casts the most serious doubt on the conclusion drawn above?

• Its employees ask for higher wages than they do at other times.
• Its management hires new workers but lacks the time to train them properly.
• Its employees are less likely to lose their jobs than they are at other times.
• Its management sponsors a monthly safety award for each division in the factory.
• Its old machinery is replaced with modern, automated models.

9979人做过此题 平均耗时为11min11s 平均正确率为 67%

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2

Products sold under a brand name used to command premium prices because, in general, they were superior to nonbrand rival products. Technical expertise in product development has become so widespread, however, that special quality advantages are very hard to obtain these days and even harder to maintain. As a consequence, brand-name products generally neither offer higher quality nor sell at higher prices. Paradoxically, brand names are a bigger marketing advantage than ever.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the paradox outlined above?

• Brand names are taken by consumers as a guarantee of getting a product as good as the best rival products.
• Consumers recognize that the quality of products sold under invariant brand names can drift over time.
• In many acquisitions of one corporation by another, the acquiring corporation is interested more in acquiring the right to use certain brand names than in acquiring existing production facilities.
• In the days when special quality advantages were easier to obtain than they are now, it was also easier to get new brand names established.
• The advertising of a company's brand-name products is at times transferred to a new advertising agency, especially when sales are declining.

9963人做过此题 平均耗时为7min22s 平均正确率为 41%

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3

When there is less rainfall than normal, the water level of Australian rivers falls and the rivers flow more slowly. Because algae whose habitat is river water grow best in slow-moving water, the amount of algae per unit of water generally increases when there has been little rain. By contrast, however, following a period of extreme drought, algae levels are low even in very slow-moving river water.

Which of the following, if true, does most to explain the contrast described above?

• During periods of extreme drought, the populations of some of the species that feed on algae tend to fall.
• The more slowly water moves, the more conducive its temperature is to the growth of algae.
• When algae populations reach very high levels, conditions within the river can become toxic for some of the other species that normally live there.
• Australian rivers dry up completely for short intervals in periods of extreme drought.
• Except during periods of extreme drought, algae levels tend to be higher in rivers in which the flow has been controlled by damming than in rivers that flow freely.

9982人做过此题 平均耗时为12min57s 平均正确率为 48%

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4

In order to withstand tidal currents, juvenile horseshoe crabs frequently burrow in the sand. Such burrowing discourages barnacles from clinging to their shells. When fully grown, however, the crabs can readily withstand tidal currents without burrowing, and thus they acquire substantial populations of barnacles. Surprisingly, in areas where tidal currents are very weak, juvenile horseshoe crabs are found not to have significant barnacle populations, even though they seldom burrow.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the surprising finding?

• Tidal currents do not themselves dislodge barnacles from the shells of horseshoe crabs.
• Barnacles most readily attach themselves to horseshoe crabs in areas where tidal currents are weakest.
• The strength of the tidal currents in a given location varies widely over the course of a day.
• A very large barnacle population can significantly decrease the ability of a horseshoe crab to fi nd food.
• Until they are fully grown, horseshoe crabs shed their shells and grow new ones several times a year.

10000人做过此题 平均耗时为5min13s 平均正确率为 61%

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5

Contrary to earlier predictions, demand for sugarcane has not increased in recent years. Yet, even though prices and production amounts have also been stable during the last three years, sugarcane growers last year increased their profits by more than 10 percent over the previous year's level.

Any of the following statements, if true about last year, helps to explain the rise in profits EXCEPT:

• Many countries that are large consumers of sugarcane increased their production of sugarcane-based ethanol, yet their overall consumption of sugarcane decreased.
• Sugarcane growers have saved money on wages by switching from paying laborers an hourly wage to paying them by the amount harvested.
• The price of oil, the major energy source used by sugarcane growers in harvesting their crops, dropped by over 20 percent.
• Many small sugarcane growers joined together to form an association of sugarcane producers and began to buy supplies at low group rates.
• Rainfall in sugarcane-growing regions was higher than it had been during the previous year, allowing the growers to save money on expensive artificial irrigation.

8370人做过此题 平均耗时为9min24s 平均正确率为 59%

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6

Crowding on Mooreville's subway frequently leads to delays, because it is difficult for passengers to exit from the trains. Subway ridership is projected to increase by 20 percent over the next 10 years. The Mooreville Transit Authority plans to increase the number of daily train trips by only 5 percent over the same period. Officials predict that this increase is suffi cient to ensure that the incidence of delays due to crowding does not increase.

Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest grounds for the officials' prediction?

• By changing maintenance schedules, the Transit Authority can achieve the 5 percent increase in train trips without purchasing any new subway cars.
• The Transit Authority also plans a 5 percent increase in the number of bus trips on routes that connect to subways.
• For most commuters who use the subway system, there is no practical alternative public transportation available.
• Most of the projected increase in ridership is expected to occur in off-peak hours when trains are now sparsely used.
• The 5 percent increase in the number of train trips can be achieved without an equal increase in Transit Authority operational costs.

9997人做过此题 平均耗时为8min10s 平均正确率为 59%

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7

The Plexis Corporation, a leading computer chip manufacturer, is currently developing a new chip, which is faster and more effi cient than any computer chip currently in use. The new chip will be released for sale in twelve months. Plexis' market research has shown that initial sales of the new chip would be maximized by starting to advertise it now, but the company has decided to wait another six months before doing so.

Which of the following, if true, provides the Plexis Corporation with the best reason for postponing advertising its new chip?

• Some computer users are reluctant to purchase new computer products when they are fi rst released.
• The cost of an advertising campaign capable of maximizing initial sales of the new chip would be no greater than campaigns previously undertaken by Plexis.
• Advertising the new chip now will signifi cantly decrease sales of Plexis' current line of computer chips.
• Plexis' major rivals in the computer chip manufacturing business are developing a chip with capabilities that are comparable to those of Plexis' new chip.
• Taking full advantage of the capacities of the new chip will require substantial adjustments in other segments of the computer industry.

9966人做过此题 平均耗时为6min23s 平均正确率为 56%

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8

Plan: Concerned about the welfare of its senior citizens, the government of Runagia decided two years ago to increase by 20 percent the government provided pension paid to all Runagians age sixty-five and older.

Result: Many Runagian senior citizens are no better off financially now than they were before the increase.

Further information: The annual rate of inflation since the pension increase has been below 5 percent, and the increased pension has been duly received by all eligible Runagians.

In light of the further information, which of the following, if true, does most to explain the result that followed implementation of the plan?

• The majority of senior citizens whose financial position has not improved rely entirely on the government pension for their income.
• The Runagian banking system is so inefficient that cashing a pension check can take as much as three weeks.
• The prices of goods and services that meet the special needs of many senior citizens have increased at a rate much higher than the rate of inflation.
• The pension increase occurred at a time when the number of Runagians age sixty-five and older who were living below the poverty level was at an all-time high.
• The most recent pension increase was only the second such increase in the last ten years.

9950人做过此题 平均耗时为12min59s 平均正确率为 47%

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9

In Asia, where palm trees are nonnative, the trees' flowers have traditionally been pollinated by hand, which has kept palm fruit productivity unnaturally low. When weevils known to be efficient pollinators of palm flowers were introduced into Asia in 1980, palm fruit productivity increased—by up to 50 percent in some areas—but then decreased sharply in 1984.

Which of the following statements, if true, would best explain the 1984 decrease in productivity?

• Prices for palm fruit fell between 1980 and 1984 following the rise in production and a concurrent fall in demand.
• Imported trees are often more productive than native trees because the imported ones have left behind their pests and diseases in their native lands.
• Rapid increases in productivity tend to deplete trees of nutrients needed for the development of the fruit-producing female flowers.
• The weevil population in Asia remained at approximately the same level between 1980 and 1984.
• Prior to 1980 another species of insect pollinated the Asian palm trees, but not as efficiently as the species of weevil that was introduced in 1980.

9974人做过此题 平均耗时为11min50s 平均正确率为 51%

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10

In Washington County, attendance at the movies is just large enough for the cinema operators to make modest profits. The size of the county's population is stable and is not expected to increase much. Yet there are investors ready to double the number of movie screens in the county within five years, and they are predicting solid profits both for themselves and for the established cinema operators.

Which of the following, if true about Washington County, most helps to provide a justification for the investors' prediction?

• Over the next ten years, people in their teenage years, the prime moviegoing age, will be a rapidly growing proportion of the county's population.
• As distinct from the existing cinemas, most of the cinemas being planned would be located in downtown areas, in hopes of stimulating an economic revitalization of those areas.
• Spending on video purchases, as well as spending on video rentals, has been increasing modestly each year for the past ten years.
• The average number of screens per cinema is lower among existing cinemas than it is among cinemas still in the planning stages.
• The sale of snacks and drinks in cinemas accounts for a steadily growing share of most cinema operators' profits.

9959人做过此题 平均耗时为8min3s 平均正确率为 54%

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11

In order to reduce the number of items damaged while in transit to customers, packaging consultants recommended that the TrueSave mail-order company increase the amount of packing material so as to fill any empty spaces in its cartons. Accordingly, TrueSave officials instructed the company's packers to use more packing material than before, and the packers zealously acted on these instructions and used as much as they could. Nevertheless, customer reports of damaged items rose somewhat.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why acting on the consultants' recommendation failed to achieve its goal?

• The change in packing policy led to an increase in expenditure on packing material and labor.
• When packing material is compressed too densely, it loses some of its capacity to absorb shock.
• The amount of packing material used in a carton does not significantly influence the ease with which a customer can unpack the package.
• Most of the goods that TrueSave ships are electronic products that are highly vulnerable to being damaged in transit.
• TrueSave has lost some of its regular customers as a result of the high number of damaged items they received.

9988人做过此题 平均耗时为6min18s 平均正确率为 69%

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12

Hollywood restaurant is replacing some of its standard tables with tall tables and stools. The restaurant already fills every available seat during its operating hours, and the change in seating arrangements will not result in an increase in the restaurant's seating capacity. Nonetheless, the restaurant's management expects revenue to increase as a result of the seating change without any concurrent change in menu, prices or operating hours.

Which of the following, if true, provides the best reason for the expectation?

• One of the taller tables takes up less floor space than one of the standard tables.
• Diners seated on stools typically do not linger over dinner as long as diners seated at standard tables.
• Since the restaurant will replace only some of its standard tables, it can continue to accommodate customers who do not care for the taller tables.
• Few diners are likely to avoid the restaurant because of the new seating arrangement.
• The standard tables being replaced by tall tables would otherwise have to be replaced with new standard tables at a greater expense.

9953人做过此题 平均耗时为11min1s 平均正确率为 70%

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