【GMAT考满分阅读RC题库】The modern multinational corporation is described _真题_答案

PREP2012 - 阅读RC - 5

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题目材料

The modern multinational corporation is described as having originated when the owner-managers of nineteenth-century British firms carrying on international trade were replaced by teams of salaried managers organized into hierarchies. Increases in the volume of transactions in such firms are commonly believed to have necessitated this structural change. Nineteenth-century inventions like the steamship and the telegraph, by facilitating coordination of managerial activities, are described as key factors. Sixteenth-and seventeenth—century chartered trading companies, despite the international scope of their activities, are usually considered irrelevant to this discussion：the volume of their transactions is assumed to have been too low and the communications and transport of their day too primitive to make comparisons with modern multinationals interesting.

In reality, however, early trading companies successfully purchased and outfitted ships, built and operated offices and warehouses, manufactured trade goods for use abroad, maintained trading posts and production facilities overseas, procured goods for Import, and sold those goods both at home and in other countries. The large volume of transactions associated with these activities seems to have necessitated hierarchical management structures well before the advent of modern communications and transportation. For example, in the Hudson's Bay Company, each far-flung trading outpost was managed by a salaried agent, who carried out the trade with the Native Americans, managed day-to-day operations, and oversaw the post's workers and servants. One chief agent, answerable to the Court of Directors in London through the correspondence committee, was appointed with control over all of the agents on the bay.

The early trading companies did differ strikingly from modern multinationals in many respects. They depended heavily on the national governments of their home countries and thus characteristically acted abroad to promote national interests. Their top managers were typically owners with a substantial minority share, whereas senior managers' holdings in modern multinationals are usually insignificant.They operated in a preindustrial world, grafting a system of capitalist international trade onto a premodern system of artisan and peasant production. Despite these differences however, early trading companies organized effectively in remarkably modern ways and merit further study as analogues of more modern structures.

The passage suggests that modern multinationals differ from early chartered trading companies in that

Athe top managers of modern multinationals own stock in their own companies rather than simply receiving a salary
Bmodern multinationals depend on a system of capitalist international trade rather than on less modern trading systems
Cmodem multinationals have operations in a number of different foreign countries rather than merely in one or two
Dthe operations of modern multinationals are highly profitable despite the more stringent environmental and safety regulations of modern governments
Ethe overseas operations of modern multinationals are not governed by the national interests of their home countries

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正确答案: E

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astro

我觉得选择E说的也太绝对了文中并没有提他们的区别是在于原来有现在没有还是说原来是过度依赖而现在则是不那么依赖了而且即使用现实自己的生活经验判断也该排除E太绝对了

2015-01-23 17:13:50 IP属地：局域网举报

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GailZhao 回复 astro

govern在柯林斯字典中解释为control，而control在字典中的解释是“the people who control an organization or place have the power to take all the important decisions about the way that it is run."其中take all the important decisions就是depend heavily的同意替换。因此，说不“depend heavily”就是不“govern"，不算绝对，是一个意思。

2018-09-08 18:35:17 IP属地：北京举报

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宇宙总督学习好回复 astro

关键是原文还没说现代的就不

2018-11-30 08:38:41 IP属地：北京举报

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zoeylee

-_-!前面两个搞错了，大家看这个
B：Clearly, the modern multinational are as capitalistic as an entity can be. The early chartered trading companies \"[grafted] a system of capitalist international trade onto a premodern system of artisan and peasant production.\" Here, they are using the metaphor of the graft of a plant --- when you cut the branch of one species of plant, and attach the branch of another species

2014-12-11 14:27:46 IP属地：湖南举报

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KunKun你最棒回复 zoeylee

棒棒！

2018-07-17 22:28:50 IP属地：河南举报

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zoeylee

接上：--- they were, as it were, attaching their own capitalist \"stem\" onto the \"branch\" of the less modern system. The early chartered trading companies were dealing with folks who used modern trading systems, but the trading companies themselves were thoroughly capitalist, just as much as the modern multinationals. Choice (B) is not correct.

2014-12-11 14:26:40 IP属地：湖南举报

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KunKun你最棒回复 zoeylee

棒棒！

2018-07-17 22:28:56 IP属地：河南举报

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shenweizhejiang

问的是现代的，我选了A，以为问早期的。题目没看懂

2014-07-31 01:01:08 IP属地：美国举报

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Hannahnan

“(B) modern multinationals depend on a system of capitalist international trade rather than on less modern trading systems”
The passage indicates that the early companies grafted a system of capitalist international trade onto a premodern system—so they were also using this capitalist system. Eliminate (B).

2017-10-15 14:23:47 IP属地：浙江举报

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zoeylee

B：Clearly, the modern multinational are as capitalistic as an entity can be. The early chartered trading companies \"[grafted] a system of capitalist international trade onto a premodern system of artisan and peasant production.\" Here, they are using the metaphor of the graft of a plant --- when you cut the branch of one species of plant, and attach the branch of another species so that it grows.

2014-12-11 14:26:05 IP属地：湖南举报

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Syous

这句话意思是说，过去的顶级经理人（高管），拥有可观数量的少数股份；而现在的高管们，拥有的量则微不足道。

对于A来说，无论问的是过去还是现在的高管们，都不能选。因为这句话明显是说两代高管都拥有股份，无非多与少的问题。

2016-10-15 19:05:15 IP属地：中国香港举报

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从口卜卡

找到以后，要读到句号，记得大概长什么样子就可以看选项了

2014-09-07 11:15:31 IP属地：广东举报

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我的朋友系天天

对！我也觉得很奇怪，也只能像你这样推测了

2016-10-10 21:52:09 IP属地：局域网举报

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emmazsx7

E只说了早期的情况，没说现在怎么样啊，凭什么就断定现在一定是反着的呢？原文没说我也可以认为现在还和以前一样啊

2023-08-17 23:39:38 IP属地：上海举报

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正确率： 68%

难度：

选择材料题号

PREP2012

GWD
PREP07 Test 1
PREP07 Test 2
PREP2012
OG16
OG17
PREP08 Test 1
PREP08 Test 2
Manhattan
Magoosh
OG18
OG18-数学分册
OG18-语文分册
OG19
OG19-语文分册
OG19-数学分册
OG20
OG20-语文分册
OG20-数学分册

SET 1

题目来源

题目来源1:PREP2012

题目来源2:PREP07 Test 2

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