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Scientists generally credit violent collisions between tectonic plates, the mobilefragments of Earth's rocky outer shell, with sculpting the planet's surface, as, for example, when what is now the Indian subcontinent collided with Asia, producing the Himalayan Mountains. However, plate tectonics cannot fully explain certain massive surface features, such as the "superswell" of southern Africa, a vast plateau over 1,000 miles across and nearly a mile high. Geologic evidence shows that southern African has been slowly rising for the past 100 million years, yet it has not experienced a tectonic collision for nearly 400 million years. The explanation may be in Earth's mantle, the layer of rock underlying the tectonic plates and extending down over 1,800 miles to the outer edge of Earth's iron core.

Since the early twentieth century, geophysicists have understood that the mantle churns and roils like a thick soup. The relative low density of the hottest rock makes that material buoyant, so it slowly ascends, while cooler, denser rock sinks until heat escaping the molten core warms it enough to make it rise again. While this process of convection was known to enable the horizontal movement of tectonic plates, until recently geophysicists were skeptical of its ability to lift or lower the planet's surface vertically. However, recent technological advances have allowed geophysicists to make three-dimensional "snapshots" of the mantle by measuring vibrations, or seismic waves, set in motion by earthquakes originating in the planet's outer shell and recording the time it takes for them to travel from an earthquake's epicenter to a particular recording station at the surface. Because geophysicists know that seismic waves become sluggish in hot, low-density rock, and speed up in colder, denser regions, they can now infer the temperatures and den- sities in a given segment of the interior. By compiling a map of seismic velocities from thousands of earthquakes across the globe, they can also begin to map temperatures and densities throughout the mantle. These methods have revealed some unexpectedly immense for- mations in the deepest parts of the mantle; the largest of these is a buoyant mass of hot rock directly below Africa's southern tip. Dispelling researchers' initial doubts, computer models have confirmed that this formation is buoyant enough to rise slowly within the mantle and strong enough to push Africa upward as it rises.

The author mentions the Himalayan Mountains most likely in order to

  • Ahighlight certain similarities between the southern African superswell and other massive features on Earth's surface
  • Bidentify a feature of Earth's surface that predates the origins of the southern African superswell
  • Cprovide an example of a feature of Earth's surface that can explained by plate tectonics
  • Dsuggest that geophysicists are correct in attributing the sculpting of Earth's surface to violent collisions between tectonic plates
  • Egive an example of a feature of Earth's surface that scientists are unable to explain fully
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正确答案: C

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Tonyln

Tonyln

D虽然是violent collisions的一个例子,但是并非要说明这种解释是完全正确的,只是提供一个example而已。

2014-02-26 09:34:43  IP属地:广东
ru酱

ru酱

虽然选了c,但是正是因为考虑到了however这个转折,所以变成了在c和e之间徘徊(捂脸)。e就是有考虑however这个转折的选项啊晕。。。不过后来还是选了c是因为觉得题目问的是作者举这个例子主要是想做什么,其实不是想说however之后的事情,而只是想举个可以被plate tectonics解释的例子。

2017-09-13 11:55:45  IP属地:福建
学员6ss33a

学员6ss33a

可以提取主谓宾看选项强调的关键信息,然后推理选项意思。阅读完第一段可以整理出主旨:
(1)plate tectonics理论可以解释喜马拉雅山,however,解释不了非洲的superwell
(2)mantle理论可以解释superwell再对比选项C和D,只看主谓宾的关键信息:
C:plate tectonics 可以解释 喜马拉雅山 => 可推理出作者想表达pt理论可能不能解释一切。正好衔接however,plate tectonic解释不了superwell,正确
D:地质学家的归因 是 正确的 (归因喜马拉雅山到tp理论)=> 可推理出地质学家接下来的归因 可能 错误了。作者没有质疑过地质学家的归因

2023-10-20 12:23:09  IP属地:北京
goodgmat

goodgmat

请注意转折However

2014-08-29 20:14:36  IP属地:局域网
蔓蒂潘

蔓蒂潘

好吧,没有考虑到however后面也影响到答案的选择,C 的范围比D的范围更大

2014-12-21 15:54:05  IP属地:局域网
mmoonna

mmoonna

没有回到原文就凭感觉选了

2012-08-18 20:26:53  IP属地:保留地址
orange

orange

D错在哪里?

2012-12-16 22:27:41  IP属地:保留地址
rabbit

rabbit

问的是作用,应该就是为了证明观点举的一个例子。只是感觉C比D更好。

2012-12-18 11:24:23  IP属地:保留地址
LOHAS13579

LOHAS13579

有道理,转折词需留意,后边明明说不对,这个只是单面的例子。所以关于信息回扣,上下文一定都要读!!

2015-04-27 19:51:56  IP属地:陕西
itssuperoli

itssuperoli

没有回去原文看,遗憾

2016-11-28 15:23:01  IP属地:局域网

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